Nanoelectronics and Photonics: From Atoms to Materials, Devices, and Architectures

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Nanoelectronics and Photonics: From Atoms to Materials, Devices, and Architectures provides a description of the core elements and challenges of advanced and future information technology. Tutorial chapters from leaders in the field cover fundamental topics ranging from materials to devices to system architecture. By linking the materials physics and chemistry at the atomic scale with device and circuit design and performance requirements, the book presents a coherent picture of theoretical and experimental research efforts and technology development in this highly interdisciplinary area. Short visionary articles by Nicolaas Bloembergen, Nobel Laureate in Physics (1981), Konstantin Likharev, distinguished professor at Stony Brook University, and Stanley Williams, senior fellow and director of the Quantum Science Research group at Hewlett-Packard, offer unique perspectives and insights. Nanoelectronics and Photonics is essential reading for researchers and graduate students in materials science, device physics, and electrical and computer engineering.

Key Features:

Provides an authoritative overview of the current status and future trends of nanoelectronics and photonics

Presents broad-ranging tutorials on both theoretical and experimental aspects of key topics in nanotechnology

Written by recognized international experts in each area

Addresses the needs of both graduate students and nanotechnology “gurus”

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Atomistic Modeling of Materials Failure

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Atomistic Modeling of Materials Failure is an introduction to molecular and atomistic modeling techniques applied to solid fracture and deformation. Focusing on a variety of brittle, ductile, geometrically confined and biological materials, this detailed overview includes computational methods at the atomic scale, and describes how these techniques can be used to model the dynamics of cracks and other deformation mechanisms.

A full description of molecular dynamics (MD) as a numerical modeling tool covers the use of classical interatomic potentials and implementation of large-scale massively parallelized computing facilities in addition to the general philosophies of model building, simulation, interpretation and analysis of results. Readers will find an analytical discussion of the numerical techniques along with a review of required mathematical and physics fundamentals. Example applications for specific materials (such as silicon, copper, fibrous proteins) are provided as case studies for each of the techniques, areas and problems discussed.

Providing an extensive review of multi-scale modeling techniques that successfully link atomistic and continuum mechanical methods, Atomistic Modeling of Materials Failure is a valuable reference for engineers, materials scientists, and researchers in academia and industry.

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Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

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The scanning tunneling microscopes and the atomic force microscopy, both capable of imaging and manipulating individual atoms, were crowned with the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986, and are the cornerstones of nanotechnology today. The first edition of this book has nurtured numerous beginners and experts since 1993.

The second edition includes a number of new developments in the field. Non-contact atomic-force microscopy has demonstrated true atomic resolution. It enables direct observation and mapping of individual chemical bonds. A new chapter about the underlying physics, atomic forces, is added. The chapter on atomic force microscopy is substantially expanded. Spin-polarized STM has enabled the observation of local magnetic phenomena down to atomic scale. A pedagogical presentation of the basic concepts is included. Inelastic scanning tunneling microscopy has shown the capability of studying vibrational modes of individual molecules. The underlying theory and new instrumentation are added. For biological research, to increase the speed of scanning to observe life phenomena in real time is a key. Advanced in this direction is presented as well. The capability of STM to manipulate individual atoms is one of the cornerstones of nanotechnology. The theoretical basis and in particular the relation between tunneling and interaction energy are thoroughly presented, together with experimental facts.

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Characterization of Nanophase Materials

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Engineering of nanophase materials and devices is of vital interest in electronics, semiconductors and optics, catalysis, ceramics and magnetism. Research associated with nanoparticles has widely spread and diffused into every field of scientific research, forming a trend of nanocrystal engineered materials.
The unique properties of nanophase materials are entirely determined by their atomic scale structures, particularly the structures of interfaces and surfaces. Development of nanotechnology involves several steps, of which characterization of nanoparticles is indespensable to understand the behavior and properties of nanoparticles, aiming at implementing nanotechnolgy, controlling their behavior and designing new nanomaterials systems with super performance.
The book will focus on structural and property characterization of nanocrystals and their assemblies, with an emphasis on basic physical approach, detailed techniques, data interpretation and applications.
Intended readers of this comprehensive reference work are advanced graduate students and researchers in the field, who are specialized in materials chemistry, materials physics and materials science.

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New Nanotechniques

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Nanotechnology refers to a field of applied science theme is the control of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Nanotechnology is a highly diverse and multidisciplinary field, ranging from novel extensions of conventional device physics, to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, to developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale, even to speculation on whether we can directly control matter on the atomic scale. There has been much debate on the future implications of nanotechnology.Nanotechnology has the potential to create many new materials and devices with wide-ranging applications, such as in medicine, electronics, and energy production. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as with any introduction of new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials, and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios. These concerns have lead to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted. This book presents a range of nantoechnological applications assembled from ideas through out the world.

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