Atomic clusters and nanoparticles. Agregats atomiques et nanoparticules: Les Houches Session LXXIII 2-28 July 2000

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This book focusses on basic science, but it also addresses engineers interested in new materials. Experiments on metal clusters are reviewed in two long pedagogically written articles. The theoretical courses cover three main domains: (1) electronic properties of metallic clusters and nanostructures, (2) phases and phase changes of small systems, and (3) chemical processes in nanoscale systems. Furthermore, interested readers, researchers as well as graduate students will find articles on density functional theory, magnetic properties of clusters, and computer simulations of cluster dynamics. In addition, the book addresses chemical processes, pairing correlation effects and also biological systems.

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Bulk Metallic Glasses: An Overview

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Bulk metallic glasses are a new emerging field of materials with many desirable and unique properties, such as high strength, good hardness, good wear resistance, and high corrosion resistance that can be produced in near net shape components. These amorphous materials have many diverse applications from structural applications to biomedical implants.

A complete overview of bulk metallic glasses is presented: the principles of alloy design, glass formation, processing, atomistic modeling, computer simulations, mechanical properties and microstructures.

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Sliding Friction: Physical Principles and Applications

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Sliding friction is one of the oldest problems in physics and certainly one of the most important from a practical point of view. The ability to produce durable low-friction surfaces and lubricant fluids has become an important factor in the miniaturization of moving components in many technological devices, e.g., magnetic storage, recording systems, miniature motors and many aerospace components. This book will be useful to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and engineers who want to understand sliding friction. The book (or parts of it) could also form the basis for a modern undergraduate or graduate course on tribology. This second edition covers several new topics including friction on superconductors, experimental studies and computer simulations of the layering transition, nanoindentation, wear in combustion engines, rubber wear, effects due to humidity, rolling and sliding of carbon nanotubes and the friction dynamics of granular materials.

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Tribology of Diamond-like Carbon Films: Fundamentals and Applications

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Since their initial discovery, Diamond Like Carbon films have enjoyed an overwhelming interest from both the scientific and industrial community. This book highlights some of the most important structural, chemical, mechanical and tribological characteristics of DLC films. It is particularly dedicated to the fundamental tribological issues that impact the performance and durability of these coatings in numerous industrial applications including automotive, microelectronics, aerospace, biomedical, textile, and manufacturing. As a result of numerous systematic studies, there now exist reliable models, computer simulations, and experimental findings that demonstrate some of the lowest friction and wear coefficients for these films. Accordingly, this book covers some of the most important tribological findings on DLC films and emphasizes their application in mechanical systems ranging in size from nano/micro (like MEMS, NEMS) to meso/macro scale devices (like bearings, gears, aerospace mechanisms, liquid/solid lubricated engine parts and components). The book includes contributions from some of the most prominent world experts representing academia, national laboratories, and industrial companies.

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Grain Boundary Migration in Metals: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, Applications, Second Edition

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A major goal of materials science is to create new engineering materials and optimize their cost and performance. Understanding how adjacent materials behave at their borders is an essential part of this process. Grain boundaries are the longest-known crystal defects, but although they were discovered in the mid-eighteenth century, until quite recently, we did not understand them very well. Even now, scientists are still searching for the best ways to comprehensively characterize a material’s microstructure—and accurately predict its evolution and behavior.

Fills the gap between the physics of grain boundary motion and its engineering practicality

Grain Boundary Migration in Metals: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, Applications focused extensively on the thermodynamics, kinetics, and applications involved with individual grain boundary migration in metals. This second edition adds a decade’s worth of new developments in research and methods. The book offers an up-to-date overview of current knowledge of the grain boundary migration process, and it details how migration influences microstructural evolution, including the recrystallization process and the creation of new materials.
The authors rely on well-defined geometry and crystallography to address key topics such as grain growth, textures, and the properties and behavior of grain boundaries, particularly the nonlinear interaction of boundary elements.

This invaluable second edition:

• Covers the latest techniques and computer simulations used in the study of single-grain boundary motion and grain boundary systems with junctions
• Provides the latest experimental data of grain boundary free volume measurements and offers the first measurements of grain boundary junction line tension
• Includes new problems with solutions

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As a solid foundation on which you can build your understanding of the migration phenomenon, this book should be required reading for researchers in areas such as interface physics and materials science of microstructure evolution and property control. It will also be vastly useful to any professional engaged in metals production and/or the heat treatment of metals and alloys.

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