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Electrical detection of deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization based on carbon-nanotubes/nano zirconium dioxide/chitosan-modified electrodes

May 1, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment 

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This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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A novel and sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor based on nanoparticles ZrO”2 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) for DNA immobilization and enhanced hybridization detection is described. The MWNTs/nano ZrO”2/chitosan-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated and oligonucleotides were immobilized to the GCE. The hybridization reaction on the electrode was monitored by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis using electroactive daunomycin as an indicator. Compared with previous DNA sensors with oligonucleotides directly incorporated on carbon electrodes, this carbon nanotube-based assay with its large surface area and good charge-transport characteristics increased DNA attachment quantity and complementary DNA detection sensitivity. The response signal increases linearly with the increase of the logarithm of the target DNA concentration in the range of 1.49×10^-^1^0 to 9.32×10^-^8molL^-^1 with the detection limit of 7.5×10^-^1^1molL^-^1 (S/N=3). The linear regression equation is I=32.62+3.037logC”D”N”A (molL^-^1) with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9842. This is the first application of carbon nanotubes combined with nano ZrO”2 to the fabrication of an electrochemical DNA biosensor with a favorable performance for the rapid detection of specific hybridization.

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Electronic DNA Detection: Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors

May 1, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment 

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Spurred by the Human Genome Project, massive genetic profiling of myriad diseases is being widely sought. Despite high throughput and sensitivity the conventional workhorses, i.e., micorarrays and bead- based assays involve complicated protocols and considerable expense due to the need for fluorescent labeling. Consequently, their utility is limited only to handful of well-endowed institutions. This work attempts a low cost alternative suitable for point-of-care facilities deployment. A method of using biochips based on carbon nanotube field effect transistor arrays is proposed and the feasibility of using these sensors to detect the presence of specific DNA sequences, e.g. expressed genes, in a solution of DNA or RNA is demonstrated. This book provides an extensive review of current available DNA detection schemes, a detailed description of the carbon nanotube transistors, including modeling, fabrication and experimental setup, as well as results that demonstrate the efficacy for DNA detection. A section is also included describing a low-cost protein detection scheme based on gold nanoparticle surface plasmon resonant absorption.

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DNA Block Copolymers – Synthesis, Morphologies, and Applications: A Combinatorial Tool for Cancer Nanotechnology

April 12, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment 

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The highly specific base pairing of DNA serves not only as the genetic code for life but also as the building block in the design of novel materials owing to its remarkable features. In the last decade significant research has focused on using DNA as a synthetically programmable binding motif for the preparation of new materials with preconceived architectural parameters and properties. Such materials have led to the development of new biological detection schemes, novel nanostructures, and the construction of nanoelectronic devices. Recently, polymer chemistry and molecular biology have converged to create a new type of hybrid material, made of oligodeoxynucleotides and organic polymers. By combining these two materials, DNA block copolymers are generated, which have properties that cannot be realized using polymers or nucleic acids alone. This exceptional class of block polymers has quickly found application in the fields of DNA detection, gene therapy and nanoscience. This book describes the automated synthetic methods how to synthesize these hybrid materials and gives insight to the self-assembly at the nanoscale. Finally, biotechnological applications will be discussed.

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