Mesoscopic Electronics in Solid State Nanostructures

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This text treats electronic transport in the regime where conventional textbook models are no longer applicable, including the effect of electronic phase coherence, energy quantization and single-electron charging. This second edition is completely updated and expanded, and now comprises new chapters on spin electronics and quantum information processing, transport in inhomogeneous magnetic fields, organic/molecular electronics, and applications of field effect transistors. The book also provides an overview of semiconductor processing technologies and experimental techniques. With a number of examples and problems with solutions, this is an ideal introduction for students and beginning researchers in the field.

“This book is a useful tool, too, for the experienced researcher to get a summary of recent developments in solid state nanostructures. I applaud the author for a marvellous contribution to the scientific community of mesoscopic electronics.”
—Prof. K. Ensslin, Solid State Physics Laboratory, ETH Zurich

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Nanowelded Carbon Nanotubes: From Field-Effect Transistors to Solar Microcells

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The monograph places emphasis on introducing a novel ultrasonic nanowelding technology of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to metal electrodes and its application for CNT devices. The structure and electronic property of CNTs, synthesis and purification of CNTs, and the fabrication processes of CNT-based devices etc. are covered in the book. Based on this, the carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) and photovoltaic (PV) solar microcells fabricated with the ultrasonic nanowelding techniuqe are discussed. The book will be of interest to graduates, scientists and engineers working on CNTs and related topics from both academic and industrial backgrounds.

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Electronic DNA Detection: Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors

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Spurred by the Human Genome Project, massive genetic profiling of myriad diseases is being widely sought. Despite high throughput and sensitivity the conventional workhorses, i.e., micorarrays and bead- based assays involve complicated protocols and considerable expense due to the need for fluorescent labeling. Consequently, their utility is limited only to handful of well-endowed institutions. This work attempts a low cost alternative suitable for point-of-care facilities deployment. A method of using biochips based on carbon nanotube field effect transistor arrays is proposed and the feasibility of using these sensors to detect the presence of specific DNA sequences, e.g. expressed genes, in a solution of DNA or RNA is demonstrated. This book provides an extensive review of current available DNA detection schemes, a detailed description of the carbon nanotube transistors, including modeling, fabrication and experimental setup, as well as results that demonstrate the efficacy for DNA detection. A section is also included describing a low-cost protein detection scheme based on gold nanoparticle surface plasmon resonant absorption.

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Current Transport Modeling of Carbon Nanotubes: Concepts, Analysis, and Design

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The purpose of this book is to develop a complete current transport model for carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNT-FETs), applicable in the analysis and design of integrated circuits. The model is derived by investigating the electronic structure of carbon nanotubes and by using the basic laws of electrostatics in a field effect transistor. By describing the carrier concentration and charge distribution in carbon nanotubes, analytical expressions for the carbon nanotube potential are derived and used to obtain current transport equations for a CNT-FET. Threshold and saturation voltages expressions are each derived in the process and I-V characteristics for CNT-FETs are calculated using different combinations of chiral vectors. The voltage transfer characteristics of basic logic circuits based on complementary CNT-FETs are also studied. A small-signal radio frequency (rf) model is developed and it is shown to have cut-off frequencies in the upper GHz range. Finally, due to the rapid growth of carbon nanotubes as bio- and chemical sensing devices, possible methods to interpret and analyze CNT-FETs when utilized as biosensors are also presented.

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Electron Escape Dynamics

A presentation entitled “Escape dynamics of a few electrons in a single-electron ratchet using silicon nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor” by Satoru Miyamoto from the Graduate School of Science and Technology at Keio University. The contents of which were published in Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 222103 (2008). Full text can be found at link.aip.org Transport dynamics of a few electrons in a quantum dot are investigated in a single-electron ratchet using silicon nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. Time-resolved measurements in a nanosecond regime are carried out to determine the escape times of the first, second, and third electrons from the quantum dot originally containing three electrons. The escape time strongly depends on the number of electrons due to the single-electron charging effect in the quantum dot, which makes it possible to achieve selective ejection of a desired number of electrons.

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