Global Nanotechnology Market for Energy Storage – Analysis and Forecasts to 2015—Aarkstore Enterprise Market Research Aggregation
May 27, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment
Summary
New report, Global Nanotechnology Markets for Energy Storage – Analysis and Forecasts to 2015″, provides key data, information and analysis on the market opportunities in the nanotechnology enabled energy storage market. The report provides key market trends and competitive landscape analysis for the market. The research discusses market dynamics in detail by providing analytical content on the key challenges for the commercialization of nanotechnology. The report’s coverage of the nanotechnology enabled energy storage market is comprehensive with dedicated sections on the state of research, patent analysis, and key supplier profiles.
Scope
– Qualitative analysis of market drivers, restraints, future outlook, and challenges for the global nano-based energy storage market.
– Comprehensive coverage of R&D initiatives in nanotechnology for energy storage products.
– Competitive landscape section that provides company share information for 2008. Key players covered include Altair Nanotechnologies Inc, Valence Technology Inc., mPhase Technologies Inc., Nanoexa, Inc., and Maxwell Technologies Inc.
– Market sizing (revenue) forecasts for the lithium ion and ultracapacitors market from 2009 to 2015
– Key topics covered include nanotechnology enabled batteries, the ultracapacitor market potential, the state of research, and patent activities analysis.
Reasons to buy
- Gain most up to date information and analysis on the potential opportunities and challenges in the Global Nanotechnology Markets for Energy Efficiency and Energy Storage
- Identify growth segments and opportunities in the Global Nanotechnology Markets for Energy Efficiency and Energy Storage
- Facilitate decision-making based on strong historic and forecast data, deal analysis and recent developments
- Drive business decisions based on the analysis of key players and their market share
- Develop strategies based on the latest operational and regulatory events in the world
- Understand potential market opportunities in various geographies and fine tune your business strategy
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Worldwide Optical, Transmission Tem, And Scanning Sem Electron Microscope Market Shares, Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009 To 2015-Aarkstore Enterprise
May 1, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment
Breakthrough technology in microscopy brings advancements that provide customers with the power to discover things they have never seen before, and to solve problems never before solvable.
Microscope markets are segmented as optical microscopes, electron microscopes, scanning probe microscopes, and focused ion beam microscopy. Optical microscopes are light microscopes. The optical microscope is limited in the minimum size and nature of the features it can resolve by manufacturability constraints and the physics of light. While optical microscopes once accounted for the bulk of all microscopes sold in the world, today their percentage of total revenue is shrinking.
New microscopy technologies have been developed to overcome the limitations of light microscopes. Electron, scanning probe, and focused ion beam microscopy are essential aspects of different approaches to visualization at the nanoparticle level. The field of microscopy continues to evolve rapidly, as new requirements and imaging technologies are developed.
Technology integration, marking the convergence of information technology and digital imaging, is expected to change standard laboratories into advanced research centers. Current innovations in the microscopy industry are towards development of microscopes with higher precision and resolution.
Developments in image restoration, reconstruction, and other related fields will continue to influence the industry.
Innovations in electronics, engineering and industrial materials permit the industry to effectively overcome conventional barriers, allowing new systems to evolve based on new technologies.
Custom-assembled systems are based on modular approaches to product delivery. Platforms are implemented as frameworks that accept any of a variety of modules. In this manner customization is supported in the microscope industry. These custom-assembled systems enable end users incorporate existing workflow.
The microscope markets are driven by the need for research facilities to attract the most qualified researchers. The best researchers are attracted to good equipment. They will move to where the best equipment is. For enterprises and universities to land and hang on to leading researchers, they have to upgrade their equipment or those people are gone in a year.
The research and industrial use of imaging has shifted rapidly with the increasing significance of nanotechnology. To look at particles on the nano-scale requires increased sophistication and use of more expensive imaging equipment. This means that fewer organizations can afford the imaging equipment needed to stay competitive and that those organizations that can afford the very expensive imaging equipment will tend to be quite large.
Nanotechnology funding at $8.5 billion in 2008 is anticipated to increase rapidly as countries respond ot the economic meltdown. Every dollar invested in nanotechnology research turns $5 in tax dollars within a year and continues to provide that level of taxes for the next 20 to 50 years. This is a very good investment.
Countries are learning that they need to compete at a level of industrial development in the new global economy. The financial meltdown represents at its core the disintegration of national boundaries in the traditional sense. In its place are global enterprises based in a particular country, providing tax dollars to that base nation.
In this global economy, innovation is central. Innovation is based on software systems that improve productivity. Software is used to manage information and make it more accessible. Innovation improves enterprise and business decision making. Nanotechnology and electron microscopes are a central aspect of this global initiative.
FEI has had momentum in the microscope research markets unmatched by any competitor. The wins in the research market are significant because the nanotechnology techniques being developed there will work for another generation, driving markets in every segment as the research in nanotechnology being conducted now provides technology that will flow out into industry and government at a rapid pace.
FEI Company (Nasdaq:FEIC) high-resolution imaging and analysis system Titan(3(TM)) 80-300 scanning/transmission electron microscope (S/TEM) competitive win in the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) of Saudi Arabia bring enormous opportunity to the company.
Nanoparticles are so tiny that good technology is a basic part of the industry. The best researchers prefer the FEI technology, giving the company significant competitive advantage.
IBM has extended 3D MRI to the Nanoscale. IBM Research (NYSE: IBM) scientists, in collaboration with the Center for Probing the Nanoscale at Stanford University, have demonstrated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with volume resolution 100 million times finer than conventional MRI.
Microscope market forecasts indicate that markets at $3.5 billion in 2008 are anticipated to reach $7.7 billion by 2015. Growth is stimulated by worldwide government investment in innovation in response to the meltdown of financial markets.
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Worldwide Nanotechnology Dental Implant Market Shares, Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009 To 2015-Aarkstore Enterprise
April 30, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment
Worldwide dental implants are poised to achieve significant growth as patients become aware of the health benefits achieved from having viable teeth. Dental implants are in the category of optional surgery and represent the type of consumer spending that is postponed in challenging economic environments.
The companies participating in the dental implant market have found ways to manage infection, providing a higher implant success rate. Implantable devices are more stable in the mouth, permitting fewer dental implant failures. 69% of adults ages 35 to 44 have lost at least one permanent tooth to an accident, gum disease, a failed root canal, or tooth decay. By age 74, 26% of adults have lost all of their permanent teeth. With the number of Americans over 55 growing by 60% in the next 20 years there is plenty of U.S. market opportunity. The baby boomer generation buying power exceeds $2 trillion in 2009.
The leading six dental implant manufacturers control of the market is based on the need for marketing in this segment, with Nobel Biocare holding the number one market position and Straumann holding a share of almost one-fifth and ranking as the firm number-two player. A large number of small manufacturers earlier accounting for a third of the market have shrunk to 14% of it.
Dental implant market innovations are those that position the vendor companies to meet aesthetic demands and increase clinician productivity. Positioning for profitable business patient care delivery can be challenging for clinicians. Tooth loss, gum and bone disease affect millions of people worldwide, on every continent, in every age group. Globally, several hundred million people are missing one or more teeth. More than 40 million people are fully edentulous in the Western developed world. These numbers are substantially higher in Asia, Africa and other parts of the world.
Worldwide, weaknesses in the global economy and sagging consumer confidence have led to an unprecedented slowdown in the dental market. Reduced income has kept many patients away from the dentist. People with steady incomes fear losing their jobs and are not spending even if they can afford to. Elective procedures are being postponed.
General practitioners are tending to treat patients in house with conventional alternative treatments, rather than referring them for implant treatment, despite its superiority. Customers are reducing stocks. Dental labs are more hesitant to invest in dental equipment, such as CAD/CAM scanners.
Dental implant market innovations are those that position the vendor companies to meet aesthetic demands and increase clinician productivity. Positioning for profitable business patient care delivery can be challenging for clinicians. Tooth loss, gum and bone disease affect millions of people worldwide, on every continent, in every age group. Globally, several hundred million people are missing one or more teeth. More than 40 million people are fully edentulous in the Western developed world. These numbers are substantially higher in Asia, Africa and other parts of the world.
For 2008 the global dental implant market was 2.3 billion Euros. The market for crowns and bridges is 3 billion Euros. These estimates size the opportunity of the global restorative and esthetic dentistry market. Nobel Biocare is the clear market leader in this market.
The outlook for 2009 is one of a demanding market environment. Deteriorating economic conditions in most markets continue to impact dental implant markets because consumers have less discretionary income. Visibility in economic recovery time remains low.
Nanotechnology Impacts The Dental Implant Market One of the most active and important current areas of research and application of nanotechnology is in the field of life sciences and healthcare. Many industry and business analysts now expect nanotechnology to revolutionize the pharmaceutical, medical devices, diagnostics and imaging sectors with annual markets of billions of pounds likely within five-ten years.
According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Nanotechnology has begun to impact the dental implant market in a dramatic manner. By increasing the complexity of the surface topography with the addition of nano-scale calcium phosphate (CAP) crystals new capabilities are available to clinicians. Surface topography plays a determinant role in the bone bonding phenomenon.”
Through a discrete crystalline deposition (DCD™) Process in which nano-scale crystals of calcium phosphate are added to the BioMet 3i OSSEOTITE® Dual Acid Etched Surface, a topographic complexity at the sub-micron scale is established. Changes in the surface improve healing and represent dramatic breakthroughs in technology.
Smaller market participants are active in their national markets and compete mainly on price, with limited investments in R&D, training, education, marketing and sales. In countries like Brazil, Russia and India these companies hold over 50% of the market. With the Internet evolving as a channel, larger participants gain market visibility and strategic advantage on return on investment for the dentist.
Expanding use of dental implants by dental surgeons and general practitioners indicates a growth market as soon as consumer confidence is stabilized.
Markets for dental implants at $3.4 billion in 2008 are anticipated to reach $8.1 billion by 2015, growing in response to demand for better teeth worldwide. The technology is achieving a maturity level that makes the implants last longer and work in a more reliable manner, stimulating demand from an aging population. This market is poised for rapid growth as soon as the global economy recovers. The technology is more mature, leading to implants that last longer.
Companies Profiled
Astra Tech
Dentsply
LVB / Biomet
Able Electropolishing
Denics International
Advantage Manufacturing Technologies
AstraZeneca Group
Autocam Medical
DOT GmbH
Implant Sciences
Nobel Biocare
Straumann
Zimmer
Mack Molding
OpenCell BioMed Inc. (OCBM)
Orchid Orthopedic Solutions
Orchid Keller
Raymor
Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering–Purdue
Westlake Plastics Company
Report Methodology
This is the 405th report in a series of market research reports that provide forecasts in communications, telecommunications, the internet, computer, software, and telephone equipment. The project leaders take direct responsibility for writing and preparing each report. They have significant experience preparing industry studies. Forecasts are based on primary research and proprietary data bases. Forecasts reflect analysis of the market trends in the segment and related segments. Unit and dollar shipments are analyzed through consideration of dollar volume of each market participation in the segment. Market share analysis includes conversations with key customers of products, industry segment leaders, marketing directors, distributors, leading market participants, and companies seeking to develop measurable market share. Over 200 in-depth interviews are conducted for each report with a broad range of key participants and opinion leaders in the market segment.
Table of Contents :
Dental Implant Executive Summary ES-1
Global Dental Implant Market ES-1
Nanotechnology Impacts The Dental Implant Market ES-3
Dental Implant Market Driving Forces ES-4
Innovation Drives Dental Implant Markets ES-9
Dental Implant Market Trends ES-9
Aging of the Population ES-11
Dental Implant Market Shares ES-11
Dental Implant Market Forecasts ES-13
Dental Implant Market Forecasts Reflect Uncertainty
In The Global Economy ES-15
1. Dental Implant Market Description and Market Dynamics 1-1
1.1 Dental Implant Definition 1-1
1.1.1 American Dental Association Recommended
Types Of Dental Implants 1-2
1.1.2 Dental Implant Longevity 1-2
1.1.3 Types of Dental Implants 1-4
1.1.4 Titanium Dental Implants 1-4
1.1.5 Root-Form Dental Implant 1-4
1.1.6 Ramus-Frame Dental Implant 1-5
1.1.7 Transosseous Dental Implant 1-5
1.1.8 Blade-Form Dental Implant 1-6
1.1.9 Types of Dental Implant Devices 1-6
1.2 Dental Implants Require Follow-Up Treatment 1-8
1.2.1 Poor Oral Health And Tooth Loss Associated
With Serious Health Problems 1-9
1.2.2 Dental Implant Target Markets 1-10
1.3 Dental Implants 1-10
1.3.1 Small-Diameter Dental Implants
Increasingly Popular In the US 1-11
1.3.2 Clinical Research on Osseo-integrated Dental Implants 1-11
1.3.3 Osseo-Integrated Dental Implants Placed In Bone 1-12
1.3.4 Success Of Implants Attributed To Osseo-Integration 1-12
1.3.5 Implant Failure Higher In Smokers 1-13
1.3.6 Proactive, Integrated, And Patient Centric Solutions 1-13
2. Dental Implant Market Shares and Market Forecasts 2-1
2.1 Dental Implant Market Driving Forces 2-1
2.1.1 Innovation Drives Dental Implant Markets 2-5
2.1.2 Dental Implant Market Trends 2-5
2.2 Aging of the Population 2-7
2.3 Dental Implant Market Shares 2-11
2.3.1 Nobel Biocare 2-14
2.3.2 Straumann 2-19
2.3.3 OpenCell BioMed (OCBM) 2-26
2.3.4 Zimmer 2-26
2.3.5 Zimmer Tapered Screw-Vent Implant 2-28
2.3.6 Astra Tech 2-28
2.3.7 Astra Tech Implant System 2-29
2.3.8 Biomet 3i NanoTite™ Surface 2-29
2.3.9 Dentsply 2-30
2.3.10 Dentsply Frialit Plus Surface Implants –
Prevention Instead Of Intervention For Esthetics 2-31
2.4 Dental Implant Market Forecasts 2-32
2.4.1 Dental Implant Market Forecasts Reflect
Uncertainty In The Global Economy 2-33
2.4.2 Dental CAD/CAM Shipments 2-37
2.4.3 Dental Regenerative Materials Market Forecasts 2-39
2.4.4 Dental Implant, CAD/CAM, Regenerative
Dentistry Shipments, Forecasts 2-40
2.4.5 Digital Dentistry 2-45
2.4.6 Small Diameter Dental Implant Forecasts 2-46
2.5 Implant Porous Coatings 2-46
2.5.1 Orchid Orthopedic Solutions 2-46
2.6 Number of Root Canals 2-47
2.7 Dental Implant Return on Investment ROI Analysis 2-47
2.8 Dental Implant Regional Analysis 2-49
2.8.1 AstraTech in Japan 2-52
2.8.2 Dentsply Dental Implant Regional Positioning 2-53
2.8.3 Dentsply in the United States 2-54
2.8.4 Dentsply Europe 2-54
2.8.5 Dentsply All Other Regions 2-55
2.8.6 Nobel Biocare in Europe, Middle East and Africa 2-55
2.8.7 Nobel Biocare in North America 2-55
2.8.8 Nobel Biocare in Asia 2-55
3. Dental Implant Product Description 3-1
3.1 Nobel Biocare 3-1
3.1.1 Nobel Biocare NobelActive™ Dental Implant 3-4
3.1.2 Nobel Biocare NobelReplace™ Dental Prosthetic Flexibility 3-8
3.1.3 Nobel Biocare / ISI (Imaging Sciences International)
Treatment Planning Software Partnership 3-10
3.1.4 Nobel Biocare Digital Dentistry 3-10
3.1.5 Nobel Biocare Small Diameter Implants And
Orthodontic Mini Screws 3-24
3.1.6 Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry 3-25
3.2 Straumman 3-26
3.3 Zimmer Dental Implants 3-37
3.3.1 Zimmer Tapered Screw-Vent Implant 3-38
3.3.2 Zimmer Tapered SwissPlus Implant 3-39
3.3.3 Zimmer AdVent implant 3-40
3.3.4 Zimmer Straight Screw-Vent Implant 3-40
3.3.5 Zimmer Fixture Mount/Transfer Packaging 3-40
3.3.6 Zimmer MTX® Selective Surface 3-40
3.3.7 Zimmer HA Selective Surface 3-41
3.3.8 Zimmer Self-Tapping Implants 3-41
3.3.9 Zimmer Snap® Delivery System 3-42
3.3.10 Zimmer MTX™ Surface 3-42
3.3.11 Zimmer MP-1® HA Surface 3-42
3.3.12 Zimmer Surface Options 3-45
3.3.13 Zimmer Histomorphometric Evaluations 3-47
3.4 Astra Tech 3-48
3.4.1 Astra Tech Implant System 3-48
3.4.2 Astra Tech Implant System Atlantis™ -
CAD/CAM Patient-Specific Abutments For All
Major Implant Systems 3-59
3.4.3 Astra Tech Implant System Cresco™ 3-59
3.4.4 Astra Tech 3D Visualization Of Patient Anatomy 3-61
3.4.5 Astra Tech Atlantis™ Patient-Specific Abutments 3-64
3.4.6 Astra Tech Nanotechnologies for
Life Sciences and Healthcare 3-65
3.4.7 Astra Tech Implant Performance Indicators 3-66
3.4.8 Astra Tech CAD/CAM Technology 3-66
3.4.9 Astra Tech Signs Dental Implant
Research Agreement with University of Zürich 3-67
3.5 Biomet 3i NanoTite™ Surface 3-68
3.5.1 Biomet Microtopography Of The OSSEOTITE® Implant 3-68
3.5.2 Biomet Nanotechnology-Based Bone Bonding 3-71
3.5.3 Biomet NanoTite™ Certain® PREVAIL® Implant 3-71
3.5.4 Biomet 3i Innovations 3-72
3.5.5 Biomet 3i NanoTite™ Surface at 50,000X 3-72
3.5.6 Biomet NanoTite™ Tapered Prevail® Implant 3-73
3.5.7 Biomet Navigator™ System For CT Guided Surgery 3-73
3.5.8 Biomet Nano-Scale Calcium Phosphate (CaP) Crystals
Surface Complexity At The Sub-Micron Scale 3-73
3.5.9 Biomet 3i Navigator™ System -Instrumentation For
CT Guided Surgery 3-74
3.5.10 Biomet Resorbable Collagen Membrane 3-75
3.5.11 Biomet Research on How Blood Clot Attaches To An Implant 3-78
3.5.12 Biomet Contact Osteogenesis Optimizes Bone Healing 3-79
3.5.13 Biomet Increased Bone/Implant Contact Human Histology 3-79
3.5.14 BioMet NanoTite Implant Advantages 3-80
3.5.15 Biomet 3i Innovations 3-85
3.6 Dentsply 3-87
3.6.1 Dentsply Frialit Plus Surface Implants –
Prevention Instead Of Intervention For Esthetics 3-91
3.6.2 Dentsply Frialit Plus Stepped Implant Macro-Design 3-93
3.6.3 Dentsply Frialit plus Stepped Implant Micro-Design 3-93
3.6.4 Dentsply XiVE® plus Implants & XiVE® TG
plus Implants & Prosthetics 3-96
3.6.5 Dentsply Implant Placement 3-96
3.6.6 Dentsply XiVE GraphicXiVE Plus 3-97
3.6.7 Dentsply XiVE TG Transgingival Plus 3-98
3.6.8 Dentsply Surface Design 3-100
3.6.9 Dentsply XiVE TG GraphicXiVE TG Bar
Coping Offers Versatility when Fabricating Bar Constructions 3-101
3.7 OpenCell BioMed (OCBM) 3-102
3.8 Coatings For Dental Implants 3-106
3.9 Spire 3-106
3.10 Orchid Orthopedic Solutions 3-106
3.11 Bicon Short Dental Implants 3-107
4. Dental Implant Technology 4-1
4.1 Surface Treatments for Medical Applications 4-1
4.1.1 Coating and Surface Treatment 4-1
4.1.2 Ion Implantation 4-2
4.1.3 Ion Beam Texturing 4-2
4.1.4 Radiopaque Coatings 4-2
4.1.5 Conductive Metal Coatings 4-2
4.2 Measuring The Thickness Of Polymer Films
On Medical Implants 4-3
4.2.1 Metal-On-Metal Implant Coating Advantages 4-3
4.3 Implant Surgery Biomedical Bacterial Infection 4-6
4.3.1 Late-Stage Infections Caused By Bacterial
Spores Circulating In The Vascular System 4-7
4.3.2 Thin Coatings Can Be Applied To Biomedical
Devices With The Aim Of Providing Resistance To
Bacterial Colonization 4-8
4.3.3 Silver Nanoparticle Based Antibiotic Approaches 4-9
4.3.4 Fabrication Of A Surface Layer Of Covalently
Immobilized Antibiotic Molecules 4-10
4.4 Medthin Coating Products 4-12
4.5 Astra Tech Follow-Up Research Summary Of The
Radiographic Data Showing An Average Bone Loss 4-15
4.6 Low Temperature Growth Of Thin Film Coatings For
The Surface Modification Of Dental Prostheses 4-17
4.7 Battery Technology for Dental Implants 4-24
4.7.1 Battery Chemistries Technology 4-25
4.8 Breath Analyzers Detect Disease 4-28
4.9 Improving Biomaterials For Medical Implant Applications 4-29
4.9.1 Bioactive Materials 4-30
4.9.2 Forming A Chemical Bond With Bone 4-31
4.9.3 Bioactivity Increased Through Surface Modification 4-32
4.9.4 Biofilms Multilayered Colonies Of Bacteria 4-32
4.9.5 Biofilm Formation 4-32
4.9.6 Biofilms As A Major Contributor To Chronic Wounds 4-34
4.9.7 Acute or Chronic Infection in Some Biomaterial Applications 4-35
4.9.8 Biomaterials Research 4-37
5. Dental Implant Company Profiles 5-1
5.1 Able Electropolishing 5-1
5.2 Advantage Manufacturing Technologies 5-1
5.3 AstraZeneca Group 5-1
5.3.1 AstraZeneca Revenue 5-3
5.3.2 AstraZeneca Group / Astra Tech 5-8
5.3.3 Astra Tech Revenue 5-9
5.3.4 Astra Tech Acquires Atlantis Components 5-11
5.3.5 Astra Tech Digital Technology and
CAD/CAM Scientific Program 5-11
5.3.6 Astra Tech acquires Astra Tech AB an Innovative
Dental CAD/CAM company 5-12
5.3.7 Astra Tech Acquires Its Japanese Distributor,
Denics International 5-13
5.4 Autocam Medical 5-14
5.5 Dentsply 5-14
5.5.1 Dentsply Dental Specialty Products 5-16
5.5.2 Dentsply New Products: 5-17
5.5.3 Dentsply International Revenue 5-18
5.5.4 Dentsply International Product and
Customer Revenue Segments Information 5-19
5.5.5 Dentsply Market Segments 5-21
5.5.6 Dentsply Product Innovation 5-23
5.5.7 Dentsply United States 5-24
5.5.8 Dentsply Europe 5-24
5.5.9 Dentsply All Other Regions 5-24
5.6 DOT GmbH 5-25
5.7 Implant Sciences Corporation 5-25
5.8 LVB Acquisition / Biomet 5-27
5.8.1 Biomet acquired by Private Equity Consortium 5-29
5.9 Mack Molding Co. 5-29
5.10 Nobel Biocare 5-29
5.10.1 Nobel Biocare Revenue 5-30
5.10.2 Nobel Biocare acquires Alpha-Bio Tec and Medicim 5-33
5.10.3 Nobel Biocare Introduces Its New Implant NobelActive 5-33
5.10.4 Nobel Biocare CAD/CAM-Based Dentistry 5-34
5.10.5 Nobel Biocare Standardized Product Facilities 5-35
5.10.6 Nobel Biocare Regional Performance:
Increasingly Demanding Market Environment 5-35
5.10.7 Nobel Biocare Revenue By Region 5-38
5.10.8 Nobel Biocare Go-To-Market Approach 5-39
5.10.9 Nobel Biocare Strategic Positioning 5-40
5.11 OpenCell BioMed Inc. (OCBM) 5-42
5.12 Orchid Orthopedic Solutions 5-42
5.12.1 Orchid Keller 5-42
5.13 Raymor 5-44
5.14 Straumann 5-45
5.14.1 Straumann Market Share Gains in Europe and North America 5-47
5.14.2 Straumann Innovation Pipeline 5-49
5.14.3 Straumann Improves Efficiency And Market Share in 2008 5-51
5.14.4 Straumann Net Revenue 5-51
5.15 Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering–Purdue 5-52
5.16 Westlake Plastics Company 5-52
5.17 Zimmer 5-52
5.17.1 Zimmer Reports Fourth Quarter and 2008 Revenue 5-57
5.17.2 Zimmer Dental Implants 5-62
5.18 Selected Dental Implant Products and Companies 5-63
List of Tables and Figures
Table ES-1 ES-2
Dental Implant Market Innovations
Figure ES-2 ES-4
Biomet NanoTite™ Implant OSSEOTITE® Surface Images
Table ES-2 ES-6
Dental Implant Sustainable Market Growth Drivers
Table ES-2 (Continued) ES-7
Dental Implant Sustainable Market Growth Drivers
Table ES-3 ES-8
Dental Implant Market Driving Forces
Table ES-3 (Continued) ES-9
Dental Implant Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-4 ES-12
Worldwide Dental Implant Shipments Market Shares,
Dollars, 2008
Figure ES-5 ES-15
Worldwide Dental Implant Market Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Figure 1-1 1-3
Dental Implant Image
Table 1-2 1-6
Types of Dental Implant Devices
Table 1-3 1-7
Dental Implant Surface Treatment Methods
Table 1-4 1-7
Dental Restorations Using Implants
Table 1-5 1-8
Dental Implant Restoration Procedures
Table 1-6 1-10
Dental Implant Target Markets
Table 2-1 2-2
Dental Implant Sustainable Market Growth Drivers
Table 2-1 (Continued) 2-3
Dental Implant Sustainable Market Growth Drivers
Table 2-2 2-3
Dental Implant Market Driving Forces
Table 2-2 (Continued) 2-4
Dental Implant Market Driving Forces
Table 2-3 2-6
Vendor Positioning Strengths
Figure 2-4 2-8
Dental Implant Market Opportunity
Table 2-5 2-9
Clinicians, Surgeons Increasing Dental Implant Treatment Options
Figure 2-6 2-10
Worldwide Dental Implant Treatment Rate
Figure 2-7 2-12
Worldwide Dental Implant Shipments Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Table 2-8 2-13
Worldwide Dental Implant
Shipments Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-9 2-15
NobelBiocare NobelActive Implants
Figure 2-10 2-16
Nobel BioCare Growth Drivers
Table 2-11 2-17
NobelBiocare Commercial Approach To Dental Implants
Table 2-11 (Continued) 2-18
NobelBiocare Commercial Approach To Dental Implants
Table 2-12 2-19
Straumann New-Generation Bone Level Implant Advances
Table 2-12 (continued) 2-20
Straumann New-Generation Bone Level Implant Advances
Figure 2-13 2-21
Straumann Dental Market Positioning
Figure 2-14 2-22
Straumann Dental Tooth Replacement By Indication
Table 2-15 2-25
Straumann Product Innovation
Figure 2-16 2-27
Zimmer Dental Implants
Figure 2-17 2-31
Dentsply Implant System Provides Lasting Implants
Figure 2-18 2-34
Worldwide Dental Implant Market Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table 2-19 2-35
Worldwide Dental CAD/CAM Shipment Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table 2-20 2-36
Worldwide Dental Implant Shipments, Forecasts,
Units and Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-21 2-38
Worldwide Dental CAD/CAM Shipments, Forecasts,
Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-22 2-39
Worldwide Dental Regenerative Materials
Shipments, Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-23 2-40
Worldwide Dental Implant, CAD/CAM,
Regenerative Dentistry Shipments, Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-24 2-41
Worldwide Dental Implant, CAD/CAM, Regenerative
Dentistry Shipments, Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-25 2-42
Noble Biocare New Technology Doubles Addressable Market
Figure 2-26 2-43
Fastest Growing Sectors in Dentistry
Figure 2-27 2-44
Dental Implant Market Penetration
Figure 2-28 2-48
NobelBiocare Platform for Dental Implant Sustainable Growth
Figure 2-29 2-49
NobelBiocare Platform for Dental Implant Sustainable Growth
Figure 2-30 2-50
Dental Implant Regional Market Segments, Dollars, 2008
Table 2-31 2-51
Regional Dental Implant Shipment Analysis
Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Table 2-32 2-52
Dental Implant Regional Analysis Factors
Table 3-1 3-1
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Solutions Indications
Figure 3-2 3-2
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Solutions
Figure 3-3 3-3
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Solutions
Table 3-4 3-5
Nobel Biocare NobelActive™ Dental Implant Features
Figure 3-5 3-6
Nobel Biocare NobelActive™ Dental Implant Features
Table 3-6 3-7
Nobel Biocare NobelActive™ Dental Prosthetic Flexibility
Table 3-7 3-8
Nobel Biocare NobelReplace™ Dental Prosthetic Flexibility
Table 3-8 3-9
Nobel Biocare NobelReplace™ Comprehensive Prosthetic Flexibility
Figure 3-9 3-11
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Q2 2009 Solution Launches
Table 3-10 3-12
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry Aspects
Figure 3-11 3-13
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry
Table 3-12 3-14
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Comprehensive Prosthetics
Table 3-13 3-15
Nobel Biocare Dental Individualized Prosthetics
Comprehensive Product Line
Table 3-13 (Continued) 3-16
Nobel Biocare Dental Individualized Prosthetics
Comprehensive Product Line
Table 3-13 (Continued) 3-17
Nobel Biocare Dental Individualized Prosthetics
Comprehensive Product
Line
Figure 3-14 3-18
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry
Figure 3-15 3-19
Nobel Biocare Nobel Procera Product Benefits
Figure 3-16 3-20
Nobel Biocare NobelProcera Scanner
Figure 3-17 3-21
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry
Figure 3-18 3-23
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry Software Features
Figure 3-19 3-24
Nobel Biocare Dental Implant Digital Dentistry Treatment Planning
Table 3-20 3-26
Straumann Product Innovation
Table 3-21 3-27
Straumann Flexibility and Ease of Use
Figure 3-22 3-28
Straumann Osseointegration And Secondary Stability Capabilities
Figure 3-23 3-29
Straumann Comprehensive Dental Implant Solutions
Figure 3-24 3-30
Straumann Comprehensive Dental Solutions
Figure 3-25 3-31
Straumann Comprehensive Product Portfolio
Figure 3-26 3-32
Straumann Regeneratives Capabilities
Figure 3-27 3-33
Straumann Dental Implant Capabilities
Figure 3-28 3-34
Straumann Dental Implant Regenerative Capabilities
Table 3-29 3-35
Straumann Roxolid Features
Table 3-30 3-36
Straumann Roxolid: Next Generation, High
Performance Material With Benefits
Figure 3-31 3-37
Zimmer Dental Implants
Figure 3-32 3-38
Zimmer Tapered Screw-Vent Implant
Figure 3-33 3-39
Single-stage Tapered SwissPlus implant
Figure 3-34 3-41
Zimmer Spline Twist
Table 3-35 3-43
Zimmer SwissPlus implant
Table 3-36 3-44
Zimmer Dental SwissPlus Single-Stage Implant System
Table 3-36 (Continued) 3-45
Zimmer Dental SwissPlus Single-Stage Implant System
Figure 3-37 3-46
Zimmer MTX Grit-Blast Machined Titanium Implant
Surface With Hydroxylapatite (HA) particles
Figure 3-38 3-48
Zimmer Implant
Table 3-39 3-50
Astra Tech Dental Implant System™
Table 3-39 3-51
Astra Tech Dental Implant System Surgical components
Table 3-39 (Continued) 3-52
Astra Tech Dental Implant System Restorative Components
Table 3-39 (Continued) 3-53
Astra Tech Dental Implant System Restorative Components
Table 3-39 (Continued) 3-54
Astra Tech Dental Implant System Restorative Components
Table 3-39 (Continued) 3-56
Astra Tech Dental Implant System Restorative Components
Table 3-39 (Continued) 3-57
Astra Tech Dental Implant System Restorative Components
Table 3-40 3-60
Astra Tech Implant System™
Table 3-41 3-61
Astra Tech Facilitates SimPlant™ Software From
Materialise Complete Planning System
Table 3-42 3-62
Astra Tech SimPlant™ Materialise Software Program
Table 3-43 3-63
Astra Tech BioManagement Communication Tool
Table 3-44 3-65
Astra Tech Positioning of Nanotechnologies for
Life Sciences and Healthcare
Table 3-45 3-69
Biomet Products
Table 3-45 (Continued) 3-70
Biomet Products
Table 3-46 3-71
Biomet Nanotechnology-Based Bone Bonding Implants–
Table 3-47 3-74
Biomet Nano-Scale Calcium Phosphate (CaP) Crystals
Figure 3-48 3-76
Biomet 3i NanoTite™ Surface Instruments and Materials
Figure 3-49 3-77
Biomet 3i NanoTite™ Surface at 50,000X
Table 3-50 3-80
Biomet NanoTite Implants
Figure 3-51 3-82
Biomet NanoTite™ Implant OSSEOTITE® Surface Images
Figure 3-52 3-83
Biomet NanoTite™ Implant Surface Image
Table 3-53 3-84
Biomet 3i NanoTite Implant Benefits
Figure 3-54 3-85
Biomet 3i Innovations
Figure 3-55 3-87
Dentsply Ankylos Dental Implant System
Figure 3-56 3-88
Dentsply Ankylos Dental Implant System Load Design
Figure 3-57 3-89
Dentsply Ankylos Dental Implant Data System Design
Figure 3-58 3-90
Dentsply Ankylos Dental Implant Data
System Thread and Load Design
Figure 3-59 3-91
Dentsply Ankylos Dental Implant Abutment Diameter
Table 3-60 3-92
Dentsply Frialit Plus Surface Esthetics Aspects
Figure 3-61 3-94
Dentsply Frialit Plus Stepped Implant Surface Design
Figure 3-62 3-95
Dentsply Friadentz Plus Stepped Implant Surface Design
Table 3-63 3-96
Dentsply XiVE® Plus Implants
Table 3-64 3-99
Dentsply XiVE TG Implant Benefits
Figure 3-65 3-101
Dentsply Bar Coping
Table 3-66 3-102
Dentsply Prefabricated Components
Table 3-67 3-104
OpenCell BioMed Inc. (OCBM) CNRC Phase-2 Report Results
Table 3-67 (Continued) 3-105
OpenCell BioMed Inc. (OCBM) CNRC Phase-2 Report Results
Figure 4-1 4-12
Ion Bond Medthin Coating Products
Table 4-2 4-13
Dental Bone Grafting Materials
Table 4-3 4-14
Dental Bone Grafting Procedures
Table 4-4 4-15
Dental Bone Grafting Research and Development
Figure 4-5 4-18
Dental Implant Alternative Treatments
Figure 4-6 4-19
Straumann Efficiency Gain – CAD/CAM Prosthetics
Figure 4-7 4-20
Dental Implant Alternative Treatments
Figure 4-8 4-21
Dental Implant Alternative Treatments
Figure 4-9 4-22
Straumann Roxolid: Next Generation,
High Performance Material Benefits
Table 4-10 4-23
NobelBiocare NobelProcera Technology
Table 4-11 4-25
Battery Chemistries At The Forefront For Implantation Devices
Figure 4-12 4-33
Biofilm Formation
Figure 5-1 5-5
AstraZeneca Regional Sales Revenue
Table 5-2 5-8
Astrazeneca Regional Revenue
Table 5-3 5-17
Dentsply New Products:
Table 5-4 5-27
Biomet Target Markets
Table 5-5 5-28
Biomet Product Portfolio
Table 5-6 5-38
Nobel Biocare Revenue By Region in EUR Million
Table 5-7 5-41
Nobel Biocare Strategic Positioning
Figure 5-8 5-54
Zimmer Analysis of Revenue by Product Segment and Region
Figure 5-9 5-55
Zimmer Sales by Product Segment and Geographical Segment
Table 5-10 5-56
Zimmer Positioning
For More information please contact :
Worldwide Nanotechnology Electric Vehicle (Ev) Market Shares Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009 To 2015
April 29, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment
Electric vehicles are real. They come in a variety of styles and capabilities. The BMW features driving control and style. The Chinese BYD hybrid backed by Warren Buffet’s company has features that enable plug-in hybrid power train flexibility. It has a full battery-powered electric mode. The series-hybrid mode has an engine which drives a generator to recharge the batteries, acting as a rangeextender. There is a parallel hybrid mode, in which the engine and motor both provide propulsive power.
Electric vehicles represent a quantum shift in transportation. The design trajectories are varied; the opportunities are significant as a quantum shift occurs in what the vehicle basic functions are and how the vehicle works. The car companies that leverage the market opportunity to shift to a new paradyne are likely to succeed. There are others who merely try to migrate existing styles and designs to electric vehicles. Buggy whips come to mind.
The ability to plug a car into a hardened backyard set of batteries charged from a solar panel provides relief from gasoline spending. To have a second car, powered by a battery pack promises to provide growth of a new industry. The banks can loan against the car and the solar panel. Solar panels are evolving modular capability where they can be quickly installed and provide electricity for the car.
Investment in electric vehicle infrastructure is a priority. With countries seeking to invest in infrastructure that will provide economic growth, it is clear that special infrastructure for electric vehicles will stimulate growth from the private sector. Electric vehicle market segment is positioned for growth for vehicles used for local driving.
Worldwide nanotechnology thin film lithium-ion batteries are poised to achieve significant growth as units become more able to achieve deliver of power to electric vehicles efficiently. Less expensive lithium-ion batteries allow leveraging economies of scale and proliferation of devices into a wide range of applications. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale leverage the lithium-ion battery nanotechnology advances needed to make lithium-ion batteries competitive. Nanotechnology provided by lithium-ion research solves the issues poised by the need to store renewable energy. Lithium-ion batteries switch price reductions are poised to drive market adoption by making units affordable.”
Nanotechnology results obtained in the laboratory are being translated into commercial products. The processes of translating the nanotechnology science into thin film lithium ion batteries are anticipated to be ongoing. The breakthroughs of science in the laboratory have only begun to be translated into life outside the lab, with a long way to go in improving the functioning of the lithium-ion batteries.
Unlike any other battery technology, thin film solid-state batteries show very high cycle life. Using very thin cathodes (0.05µm) batteries have been cycled in excess of 45,000 cycles with very limited loss in capacity. After 45,000 cycles, 95% of the original capacity remained.
Markets for electric vehicles at 685 units in 2008 are anticipated to reach 32.7 million autos shipped by 2015, growing in response to demand for a renewable energy powered vehicle that lowers the total cost of ownership by a significant amount. Lithium-ion batteries used in cell phones and PCs, and in cordless power tools are proving the technology to power electric vehicles. Early electric vehicles are being used as city cars, proving the feasibility of electric cars. Think in Norway has a viable manufacturing operation and 1,000 cars on the road. The large emerging markets are for hybrid and electric vehicles powered by renewable energy systems.
Table of Contents :
Figure ES-1
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Figure ES-2
REVA Electric Car
Table ES-3
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Table ES-3 (Continued)
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-4
Worldwide Electric Vehicles
On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009
Figure ES-5
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of
Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,
2009-2015
Figure ES-6
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table ES-7
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-7 (Continued)
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-8
New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By
Electric Vehicles
1. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
1.1 Auto Industry
1.1.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Forces
1.1.2 Cars Represent 20% Of The US Economic Retail Spending
1.1.3 Electric Vehicle Design Trajectories
1.2 Electric Vehicle EVs
1.2.1 EVs Cost Effective In City Conditions
1.2.2 Lithium-Ion Car Batteries
1.2.3 Private-Public Partnerships
1.3 Lithium-Ion Battery Target Markets
1.3.1 Project Better Place and the Renault-Nissan Alliance
1.3.2 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry
1.3.3 Electric Grid Services Market
1.3.4 Portable Power Market, Power Tools
1.4 Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies Transportation Industry Target Market
1.5 Energy Storage For Grid Stabilization
1.5.1 Local Energy Storage Benefit For Utilities
1.6 Applications Require On-Printed Circuit Board Battery Power
1.6.1 Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries
1.7 Smart Buildings
1.7.1 Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors
1.8 Battery Safety / Potential Hazards
1.9 Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction
1.10 Battery Is Electrochemical Device
1.11 Battery Depends On Chemical Energy
1.11.1 Characteristics Of Battery Cells
1.11.2 Batteries Are Designed Differently For Various Applications
2. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
2.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Market Driving Forces
2.1.1 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.1.2 Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.2 Electric Vehicle Market Shares
2.2.1 Daimler Safety Cell
2.2.2 Daimler Smart Car
2.2.3 BYD
2.2.4 Think Environmentally Friendly Vehicles
2.2.5 TH!NK City Safety Concept
2.2.6 Think Overnight Power Top-Up
2.2.7 GM Volt
2.2.8 GM Opel
2.2.9 Tesla Motors
2.2.10 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi
2.2.11 Mitsubishi
2.2.12 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009
2.2.13 BMW
2.2.14 REVA Electric Car
2.2.15 Ford Advances Electric Vehicle Technology
2.2.16 Ford Partnership With Utility Industry
2.2.17 Toyota Hybrid Prius
2.2.18 Nissan
2.2.19 Phoenix Motorcars
2.2.20 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru
2.2.21 Chrysler
2.3 Electric Vehicles Market Forecasts
2.4 Electric Vehicle Battery Recharging
2.4.1 Changing Electric Vehicles On The Fly
2.5 2008 / 2009 Auto Sales Overview
2.5.1 Korean Cars Succeed In US
2.5.2 Total Vehicles Sold / GM Profile
2.5.3 GM Global Vehicle Sales and Market Share – 2007
2.5.4 Worldwide Automotive Sales For 2007
2.5.5 Deepening Slowdown
2.6 Electric Vehicles As A Very Fancy Golf Cart
2.7 Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces
2.7.1 Market Driving Forces
2.7.2 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.7.3 Competitors
2.8 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares
2.8.1 ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical
2.8.2 A123Systems Patent for Nanophosphate™ Lithium Ion Battery Technology
2.9 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts
2.10 Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares
2.10.1 BYD
2.10.2 Johnson Controls-Saft
2.10.3 Saft Battery Technologies
2.10.4 A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class Lithium Ion™ Cells:
2.10.5 NEC and Nissen
2.10.6 LG Chem
2.10.7 EnerDel
2.10.8 Competition
2.11 Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts
2.11.1 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry Thin Film Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery EV Market Thin Film Lithium-Ion And Lithium Polymer Automotive Batteries
3. ELECTRIC VEHICLE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3.1 BMW
3.1.1 BMW Second Version Of The Electric Mini
3.2 BYD / MidAmerican Energy Holdings
3.2.1 Warren Buffet – MidAmerican, A Collection Of Electric Utilities In The Midwest
3.2.2 BYD Plug-in Hybrid Power Train Flexibility
3.2.3 BYD E6 Electric Car and F6
3.2.4 BYD E6 Electric Vehicle Specifications
3.3 Tesla Motors
3.3.1 Electric Roadster by Tesla Motors
3.3.2 Tesla Motors Next Generation Model S
3.3.3 Telsa Battery Pack And Frame
3.4 Daimler AG
3.4.1 Daimler Smart Car Model Features
3.4.2 Electric Car by Daimler Mercedes (2010)
3.5 Think
3.5.1 A123Systems / GE Production Contract for Norwegian Think Electric Vehicles
3.5.2 Think Overnight Power Top-Up
3.5.3 TH!NK City Safety Concept
3.5.4 TH!NK City Environmentally Friendly
3.5.5 Thinking Globally
3.6 General Motors
3.6.1 GM Volt
3.6.2 GM Challenge to Battery Developers
3.6.3 GM and A123Systems Co-Develop Lithium-Ion Battery Cell for Chevrolet Volt
3.6.4 GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle
3.6.5 GM / Opel
3.6.6 GM Chevrolet Equinox Fuel-Cell Vehicles
3.7 Miles XS500 Electric Car
3.8 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule in Japan
3.8.1 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Specifications
3.8.2 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Pricing
3.8.3 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi
3.8.4 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Coming to Europe
3.8.5 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Production Plans
3.8.6 i MiEV Electric Car Specifications
3.8.7 i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule
3.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car Source: Subaru.
3.9.1 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009
3.9.2 Subaru G4e Source: Subaru.
3.9.3 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru
3.9.4 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru Thin Film Battery Flat Shape
3.10 Electric Supercar by Hybrid Technologies
3.11 Electric Mini by PML
3.12 Electric Car by Nissan (2010-2012)
3.12.1 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries
3.13 REVA Electric Car
3.14 Zenn Low Speed Electric Car
3.15 Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car
3.16 Eliica Electric Car by KEIO University
3.17 Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car
3.18 Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion by Students of Napoleon High School
3.19 Toyota Hybrid Prius
3.19.1 Toyota iQ Microcar
3.19.2 Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle
3.20 Ford
3.21 Chrysler
3.21.1 Chrysler Town & Country EV
3.21.2 Chrysler Personal Mobility Revolution
3.21.3 Chrysler Dodge Circuit EV
3.21.4 Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV
3.22 Phoenix
3.23 Shelby Supercars
3.24 Aptera
4. ELECTRIC VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Phoenix Motorcars Altairnano Lithium Titanate Battery Technology
4.1.1 Altairnano Battery Comparison
4.1.2 Lead-Acid Battery Technology
4.1.3 Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH)
4.1.4 Lithium-Ion
4.2 Globalization Model For Electric Cars
4.2.1 Better Place Electric Vehicle Network
4.2.2 Better Place has partnered with AGL Energy in Australia
4.3 EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Charging Kit
4.3.1 Smart Fuel Cells SFC
4.3.2 Citycom AG’s CityEL
4.4 Vendor Lithium-ion Battery Strategy
4.4.1 Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Characteristics
4.5 Challenges in Battery Design
4.5.1 Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries Requirements
4.6 Vendor Lithium-Ion Battery Positioning
4.6.1 High-Quality, Volume Manufacturing Facilities
4.7 Applications Of Lithium-Ion Batteries
4.8 Mobile Phone Industry
4.8.1 Nanowires
4.8.2 Thin Film Battery Enabling Chemistries
4.8.3 The Cathodes
4.8.4 Solid State Devices Provide More Energy Density
4.9 Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries
4.9.1 Lithium-Ion Battery Shortcomings
4.9.2 Charging
4.9.3 Applications
4.9.4 Costs
4.10 Lithium Cell Chemistry Variants
4.10.1 Lithium-ion
4.10.2 Lithium-ion Polymer
4.10.3 Other Lithium Cathode Chemistry Variants
4.10.4 Lithium Cobalt LiCoO2
4.10.5 Lithium Manganese LiMn2O4
4.10.6 Lithium Nickel LiNiO2
4.10.7 Lithium (NCM) Nickel Cobal Manganese – Li(NiCoMn)O2
4.10.8 Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4
4.11 Operating Performance Of The Cell Can Be Tuned
4.12 Lithium Metal Polymer
4.12.1 Lithium Sulphur Li2S8
4.12.2 Alternative Anode Chemistry
4.13 ExxonMobil affiliate, Tonen Chemical Polyethylene-Based, Porous Film
4.14 Cymbet Alternate Manufacturing
4.15 Thin-Film Batteries Packaging
4.16 ITN Energy Systems Fibrous Substrates, PowerFiber
4.16.1 ITN Sensors
4.17 Cell Construction
4.18 Impact Of Nanotechnology
4.19 Thin Film Batteries
4.19.1 Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs
4.19.2 High Power And Energy Density
4.19.3 High Rate Capability
4.20 Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Performance
4.21 Polymer Film Substrate
4.22 Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte
5. ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY PROFILES
5.1 A123 Systems
5.1.1 A123 Systems Revenue
5.1.2 A123Systems Registration Statement for Initial Public Offering
5.1.3 A123 Systems Batteries Benefits
5.1.4 A123 Systems Competitive Advantage
5.1.5 A123 Systems Strategy
5.1.6 A123Systems and GE
5.1.7 A123 Acquisition of Hymotion
5.1.8 Procter & Gamble Duracell and A123 Systems Collaborate
5.1.9 Cobasys and A123 Systems
5.2 Aperta
5.3 Better Place Model
5.4 BMW
5.5 BYD
5.5.1 Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD Chinese Battery Manufacturer
5.6 E-One Moli Energy Group
5.7 Ener1
5.7.1 Ener1 Third Quarter 2008 Revenue
5.7.2 Ener1 Positioning Technology Originally Pioneered By Argonne National Lab
5.7.3 Ener1 Acquires Enertech Leading Korean Lithium-ion Battery Cell Producer
5.7.4 Ener1 / Enertech Specializes In Producing Large Format Flat (“Prismatic”) Cells
5.7.5 EnerDel Operations
5.8 Ford
5.8.1 Ford Electric Vehicle Positioning
5.8.2 Ford’s Comprehensive Sustainability Strategy
5.8.3 Ford Partnership With Southern California Edison Electric Utility
5.8.4 Ford Partnership with Johnson Controls-Saft for Thin Film Batteries
5.8.5 Ford Partnership with Utility Industry
5.8.6 Building A Business Case
5.8.7 Governments Of Japan, China, Korea, And India Significantly Funding EV Research
5.8.8 Ford Energy Future Vision
5.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru
5.9.1 Subaru of America
5.9.2 Subaru of America Revenue 2008
5.10 General Motors
5.10.1 General Motors Factory In Michigan To Build Battery Packs
5.10.2 GM 2008 Global Sales of 8.35 Million Vehicles
5.10.3 GM Continues Growth in Emerging Markets
5.10.4 GM’s North America Regional Performance
5.10.5 GM Europe
5.10.6 GM Strongly Believes In The Electrification Of The Automobile
5.11 Miles Electric Vehicles
5.11.1 Miles Zero Emissions, Full Electric Car
5.12 Johnson Controls-Saft
5.13 LG Petrochemical
5.13.1 LG Chem
5.14 Mitsubishi
5.14.1 Fleet Testing Of The Zero-Emissions iMiev Electric Vehicle
5.15 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries
5.15.1 NEC Lamilion Energy
5.16 Panasonic / Sanyo
5.17 Phoenix Motorcars
5.17.1 Phoenix Motorcars Customers: Maui Electric
5.17.2 Phoenix MC All-Electric, Light-Duty Trucks
5.18 REVA
5.18.1 REVA Car Features
5.18.2 REVA Globally Tested Product
5.19 Saft
5.19.1 Saft Battery Technologies
5.19.2 Saft Industrial Battery Group (IBG)
5.19.3 Saft Specialty Battery Group (SBG)
5.19.4 Saft Rechargeable Battery Systems (RBS)
5.19.5 Saft Research and Development
5.19.6 Johnson Controls-Saft United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC)
5.20 Samsung
5.21 Shelby SuperCars
5.21.1 Sheffield International Finance Corporation
5.21.2 SSC Monthly Newsletter
5.22 Tesla Motors
5.22.1 Tesla Battery Packs
5.22.2 Tesla Roadster
5.22.3 Tesla Restructuring
5.23 Think
5.23.1 Think Manufacturing Capacity
5.23.2 Think Employees Called Back From Lay-Off
5.23.3 Think Confirms Interim Financing – Private Equity Firm Ener1 Group Is The Lead Investor
5.23.4 Kleiner Perkins And Rockport Capital, Two Leading Us Cleantech Investors Launch Joint Venture With Norwegian Electrical Vehicle Company Think
5.23.5 TH!NK city Crash-Tested And Highway-Certified EV
5.23.6 Think Strategic Partnership With Energy Giant General Electric
5.23.7 Think collaboration with Porsche Consulting
5.24 Toyota
5.25 ZENN Motor Company
5.25.1 Zenn Motor Strategic Energy Storage Partner, Eestor
List of Tables and Figures
Figure ES-1
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Figure ES-2
REVA Electric Car
Table ES-3
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Table ES-3 (Continued)
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-4
Worldwide Electric Vehicles
On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009
Figure ES-5
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of
Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,
2009-2015
Figure ES-6
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table ES-7
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-7 (Continued)
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-8
New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By
Electric Vehicles
Table 1-1
Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries
Figure 1-2
BMW’s Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable
Lithium-Ion Battery
Table 1-3
Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Figure 1-4
Typical Structure Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery
Table 1-5
Characteristics Of Battery Cells
Table 2-1
Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces
Table 2-2
Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries
Figure 2-3
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Table 2-4
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Table 2-4 (Continued)
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Figure 2-5
Worldwide Electric Vehicles
On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009
Table 2-6
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Shipments Market Shares,
Units On the Road
2009 11
Figure 2-7
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red
Figure 2-8
REVA Electric Car
Figure 2-9
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of Automotive
and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,
2009-2015
Table 2-10
Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments
and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and
Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015
Figure 2-11
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table 2-12
Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments
and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and
Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015
Table 2-13
Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments
and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts, Penetration Analysis,
2009-2015
Table 2-14
Worldwide Automotive and Light Truck Small
Size Electric Vehicle (EV) Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-15
Worldwide Small Electric Vehicle (EV) Market
Forecasts, Units, 2009-2015
Table 2-16
Worldwide Small Car and Small Light Truck Electric
Vehicle (EV) Automotive Market Retail Forecasts,
Units and Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-17
Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck
Electric Vehicle (EV) Retail Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-18
Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck
Electric Vehicle (EV) Shipments Retail Market Forecasts, Units,
2009-2015
Table 2-19
Worldwide Sedan Size Car and Light Truck Electric
Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments and Automotive Market
Retail Forecasts, Units and Dollars, 2009-201
Table 2-20
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table 2-21
New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By
Electric Vehicles
Table 2-22
Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces
Table 2-23
Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries
Figure 2-24
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Table 2-25
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-26
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-27
Worldwide Lithium-Ion and Advanced Lithium-ion
Battery Market Forecasts, Automotive, Power Tools,
Electric Grid, and PC Card, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-28
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-29
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-30
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-31
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Units, 2009-2015
Figure 2-32
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-33
Commercialization Challenges Of The Automotive,
Truck, and Bus Thin Film Battery Industry
Table 2-34
Integrated Thin Film Battery Personal Transport Power Systems
Figure 3-1
BMW’S Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable
Lithium-Ion Battery
Figure 3-2
BYD E6 Electric Car
Figure 3-3
BYD F3DM Front View
Figure 3-4
BYD F3DM Rear View
Figure 3-5
BYD F3 Moon Roof
Table 3-6
BYD Plug-in Hybrid Powertrain Flexibility
Figure 3-7
BYD E6 Electric Car
Figure 3-8
BYD F6
Figure 3-9
Tesla Motors Roadster
Figure 3-10
Tesla Motors Roadster Torque and Power Graph
Figure 3-11
Model S by Tesla Motors
Figure 3-12
Daimler AG Smart car
Figure 3-13
Daimler Smart Car
Figure 3-14
Daimler Electric Mercedes
Figure 3-15
Prince Albert of Monaco Driving TH!NK city
Figure 3-16
Driving TH!NK city
Figure 3-17
Think Driver Console
Figure 3-18
Think Open
Figure 3-19
Think OX
Figure 3-20
Think City Electric Vehicle
Table 3-21
TH!NK City Specifications
Table 3-22
Think City Standard Equipment:
Table 3-22 (Continued)
Think City Standard Equipment:
Table 3-23
TH!NK City Features
Figure 3-24
Think Lineup of Electric Cars
Figure 3-25
General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Front View
Figure 3-26
General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Angle View
Figure 3-27
General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Rear View
Figure 3-28
General Motors Chevrolet Volt
Figure 3-29
GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle
Figure 3-30
General Motors EV1 Electric Car
Figure 3-31
XS500 Electric Car by Miles
Figure 3-32
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – In Traffic
Figure 3-33
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Battery Packaging
Figure 3-34
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red
Figure 3-35
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Gray
Figure 3-36
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Interior
Figure 3-37
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Features
Figure 3-38
Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car
Figure 3-39
Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car Interior Engine and
Drive Train Layout
Figure 3-40
Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car
Figure 3-41
Subaru R1e Electric Car Plug Station
Figure 3-42
Subaru G4e Electric Car
Figure 3-43
Hybrid Technologies Electric Supercar
Figure 3-44
Electric Mini by PML
Figure 3-45
Test Electric Car by Nissan
Figure 3-46
REVA Electric Car
Figure 3-47
Zenn Auto
Figure 3-48
Zenn Electric Auto Close-up
Figure 3-49
Zenn Auto Parked in Street
Figure 3-50
Zenn Electric Auto – Gray with Sun Roof
Figure 3-51
Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car
Figure 3-52
Commuter Cars Tango in Washington DC
Figure 3-53
Eliica Electric Car
Figure 3-54
Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car
Figure 3-55
Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion
Figure 3-56
Toyota Hybrid Prius
Figure 3-57
Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle
Figure 3-58
Toyota Electric Car
Table 3-59
Chrysler ENVI Electric Minivan Features
Figure 3-60
Interior of The Concept Car, The Chrysler 200C EV
Table 3-61
Chrysler Electric Vehicle Positioning
Table 3-62
Chrysler Electric Vehicle EV
Figure 3-63
Chrysler Electric Vehicles
Figure 3-64
Dodge Circuit EV
Table 3-65
Dodge Circuit EV Features
Figure 3-66
Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV
Figure 3-67
Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV Features
Figure 3-68
Phoenix Motorcars SUT Truck
Figure 3-69
Phoenix Motorcars SUV Vehicle
Figure 3-70
Shelby Supercars
Figure 3-71
Shelby Supercars – Doors Raised
Figure 3-72
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Figure 3-73
Aptera 2e Pre-Production Models
Figure 3-74
Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle
Figure 3-75
Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle – Rear View
Figure 4-1
Altairnano Battery Performance:
Figure 4-2
EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Kit For Electric Vehicles
Figure 4-3
Electrica City Car – Red
Figure 4-4
Electrica City Car – Yellow
Figure 4-5
Electrica City Car – Open
Figure 4-6
Electrica City Car – Dashboard
Figure 4-7
Smart Fuel Cells (SFC) Supply The StartLab Open With Power
Table 4-8
Challenges in Lithium-ion Battery Design
Table 4-9
Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Source: ITN.
Table 4-10
Thin Film Battery Unique Properties
Table 4-11
Comparison of battery performances
Table 4-12
Comparison Of Battery Performances
Table 4-13
Thin Films For Advanced Batteries
Table 4-14
Thin Film Batteries Technology
Table 4-15
Thin Film Battery / Lithium Air Batteries Applications
Figure 4-16
Polymer Film Substrate Thin Flexible Battery Profiles
Figure 4-17
Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargable Batteries
Table 5-1
A123 Systems Batteries Benefits
Table 5-2
A123 Systems Competitive Positioning
Table 5-2 (Continued)
A123 Systems Competitive Positioning
Table 5-2 (Continued)
A123 Systems Competitive Positioning
Figure 5-3
Aptera Vehicle Early Drawings
Figure 5-4
Assembly Facility: Vista, CA
Figure 5-5
Aperta Composite Facility: Carlsbad, CA
Figure 5-6
EnerDel Operations
Figure 5-7
EnerDel Lithium Power Systems
Figure 5-8
EnerDel Lithium Power USABC Contracts
Figure 5-9
EnerDel Lithium Power Think Projct
Table 5-10
Ford Key Government Energy Actions Recommendations
Figure 5-11
Sanyo Battery Targets 2020
Figure 5-12
REVA Electric Car
Figure 5-13
Saft Revenue H1 2008
Figure 5-14
Shelby Supercars
Figure 5-15
Think Auto Production Facility
Figure 5-16
TH!NK North America
Figure 5-17
Toyota Consolidated Vehicle Sales
Figure 5-18
Toyota Strategy
Figure 5-19
Toyota Car
Breakthrough technology in electric vehicles brings advancements that provide customers with personal transportation choices never before available. Electric vehicles are real. They come in a variety of styles and capabilities. The BMW features driving control and style. The Chinese BYD hybrid backed by Warren Buffet’s company has features that enable plug-in hybrid power train flexibility. It has a full battery-powered electric mode. The series-hybrid mode has an engine which drives a generator to recharge the batteries, acting as a rangeextender. There is a parallel hybrid mode, in which the engine and motor both provide propulsive power.
Electric vehicles represent a quantum shift in transportation. The design trajectories are varied; the opportunities are significant as a quantum shift occurs in what the vehicle basic functions are and how the vehicle works. The car companies that leverage the market opportunity to shift to a new paradyne are likely to succeed. There are others who merely try to migrate existing styles and designs to electric vehicles. Buggy whips come to mind.
The ability to plug a car into a hardened backyard set of batteries charged from a solar panel provides relief from gasoline spending. To have a second car, powered by a battery pack promises to provide growth of a new industry. The banks can loan against the car and the solar panel. Solar panels are evolving modular capability where they can be quickly installed and provide electricity for the car.
Investment in electric vehicle infrastructure is a priority. With countries seeking to invest in infrastructure that will provide economic growth, it is clear that special infrastructure for electric vehicles will stimulate growth from the private sector. Electric vehicle market segment is positioned for growth for vehicles used for local driving.
Worldwide nanotechnology thin film lithium-ion batteries are poised to achieve significant growth as units become more able to achieve deliver of power to electric vehicles efficiently. Less expensive lithium-ion batteries allow leveraging economies of scale and proliferation of devices into a wide range of applications. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale leverage the lithium-ion battery nanotechnology advances needed to make lithium-ion batteries competitive. Nanotechnology provided by lithium-ion research solves the issues poised by the need to store renewable energy. Lithium-ion batteries switch price reductions are poised to drive market adoption by making units affordable.”
Nanotechnology results obtained in the laboratory are being translated into commercial products. The processes of translating the nanotechnology science into thin film lithium ion batteries are anticipated to be ongoing. The breakthroughs of science in the laboratory have only begun to be translated into life outside the lab, with a long way to go in improving the functioning of the lithium-ion batteries.
Unlike any other battery technology, thin film solid-state batteries show very high cycle life. Using very thin cathodes (0.05µm) batteries have been cycled in excess of 45,000 cycles with very limited loss in capacity. After 45,000 cycles, 95% of the original capacity remained.
Markets for electric vehicles at 685 units in 2008 are anticipated to reach 32.7 million autos shipped by 2015, growing in response to demand for a renewable energy powered vehicle that lowers the total cost of ownership by a significant amount. Lithium-ion batteries used in cell phones and PCs, and in cordless power tools are proving the technology to power electric vehicles. Early electric vehicles are being used as city cars, proving the feasibility of electric cars. Think in Norway has a viable manufacturing operation and 1,000 cars on the road. The large emerging markets are for hybrid and electric vehicles powered by renewable energy systems.
Table of Contents :
Figure ES-1
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Figure ES-2
REVA Electric Car
Table ES-3
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Table ES-3 (Continued)
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-4
Worldwide Electric Vehicles
On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009
Figure ES-5
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of
Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,
2009-2015
Figure ES-6
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table ES-7
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-7 (Continued)
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-8
New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By
Electric Vehicles
1. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
1.1 Auto Industry
1.1.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Forces
1.1.2 Cars Represent 20% Of The US Economic Retail Spending
1.1.3 Electric Vehicle Design Trajectories
1.2 Electric Vehicle EVs
1.2.1 EVs Cost Effective In City Conditions
1.2.2 Lithium-Ion Car Batteries
1.2.3 Private-Public Partnerships
1.3 Lithium-Ion Battery Target Markets
1.3.1 Project Better Place and the Renault-Nissan Alliance
1.3.2 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry
1.3.3 Electric Grid Services Market
1.3.4 Portable Power Market, Power Tools
1.4 Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies Transportation Industry Target Market
1.5 Energy Storage For Grid Stabilization
1.5.1 Local Energy Storage Benefit For Utilities
1.6 Applications Require On-Printed Circuit Board Battery Power
1.6.1 Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries
1.7 Smart Buildings
1.7.1 Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors
1.8 Battery Safety / Potential Hazards
1.9 Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction
1.10 Battery Is Electrochemical Device
1.11 Battery Depends On Chemical Energy
1.11.1 Characteristics Of Battery Cells
1.11.2 Batteries Are Designed Differently For Various Applications
2. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
2.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Market Driving Forces
2.1.1 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.1.2 Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.2 Electric Vehicle Market Shares
2.2.1 Daimler Safety Cell
2.2.2 Daimler Smart Car
2.2.3 BYD
2.2.4 Think Environmentally Friendly Vehicles
2.2.5 TH!NK City Safety Concept
2.2.6 Think Overnight Power Top-Up
2.2.7 GM Volt
2.2.8 GM Opel
2.2.9 Tesla Motors
2.2.10 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi
2.2.11 Mitsubishi
2.2.12 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009
2.2.13 BMW
2.2.14 REVA Electric Car
2.2.15 Ford Advances Electric Vehicle Technology
2.2.16 Ford Partnership With Utility Industry
2.2.17 Toyota Hybrid Prius
2.2.18 Nissan
2.2.19 Phoenix Motorcars
2.2.20 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru
2.2.21 Chrysler
2.3 Electric Vehicles Market Forecasts
2.4 Electric Vehicle Battery Recharging
2.4.1 Changing Electric Vehicles On The Fly
2.5 2008 / 2009 Auto Sales Overview
2.5.1 Korean Cars Succeed In US
2.5.2 Total Vehicles Sold / GM Profile
2.5.3 GM Global Vehicle Sales and Market Share – 2007
2.5.4 Worldwide Automotive Sales For 2007
2.5.5 Deepening Slowdown
2.6 Electric Vehicles As A Very Fancy Golf Cart
2.7 Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces
2.7.1 Market Driving Forces
2.7.2 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries
2.7.3 Competitors
2.8 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares
2.8.1 ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical
2.8.2 A123Systems Patent for Nanophosphate™ Lithium Ion Battery Technology
2.9 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts
2.10 Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares
2.10.1 BYD
2.10.2 Johnson Controls-Saft
2.10.3 Saft Battery Technologies
2.10.4 A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class Lithium Ion™ Cells:
2.10.5 NEC and Nissen
2.10.6 LG Chem
2.10.7 EnerDel
2.10.8 Competition
2.11 Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts
2.11.1 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry Thin Film Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery EV Market Thin Film Lithium-Ion And Lithium Polymer Automotive Batteries
3. ELECTRIC VEHICLE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3.1 BMW
3.1.1 BMW Second Version Of The Electric Mini
3.2 BYD / MidAmerican Energy Holdings
3.2.1 Warren Buffet – MidAmerican, A Collection Of Electric Utilities In The Midwest
3.2.2 BYD Plug-in Hybrid Power Train Flexibility
3.2.3 BYD E6 Electric Car and F6
3.2.4 BYD E6 Electric Vehicle Specifications
3.3 Tesla Motors
3.3.1 Electric Roadster by Tesla Motors
3.3.2 Tesla Motors Next Generation Model S
3.3.3 Telsa Battery Pack And Frame
3.4 Daimler AG
3.4.1 Daimler Smart Car Model Features
3.4.2 Electric Car by Daimler Mercedes (2010)
3.5 Think
3.5.1 A123Systems / GE Production Contract for Norwegian Think Electric Vehicles
3.5.2 Think Overnight Power Top-Up
3.5.3 TH!NK City Safety Concept
3.5.4 TH!NK City Environmentally Friendly
3.5.5 Thinking Globally
3.6 General Motors
3.6.1 GM Volt
3.6.2 GM Challenge to Battery Developers
3.6.3 GM and A123Systems Co-Develop Lithium-Ion Battery Cell for Chevrolet Volt
3.6.4 GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle
3.6.5 GM / Opel
3.6.6 GM Chevrolet Equinox Fuel-Cell Vehicles
3.7 Miles XS500 Electric Car
3.8 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule in Japan
3.8.1 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Specifications
3.8.2 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Pricing
3.8.3 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi
3.8.4 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Coming to Europe
3.8.5 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Production Plans
3.8.6 i MiEV Electric Car Specifications
3.8.7 i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule
3.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car Source: Subaru.
3.9.1 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009
3.9.2 Subaru G4e Source: Subaru.
3.9.3 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru
3.9.4 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru Thin Film Battery Flat Shape
3.10 Electric Supercar by Hybrid Technologies
3.11 Electric Mini by PML
3.12 Electric Car by Nissan (2010-2012)
3.12.1 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries
3.13 REVA Electric Car
3.14 Zenn Low Speed Electric Car
3.15 Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car
3.16 Eliica Electric Car by KEIO University
3.17 Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car
3.18 Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion by Students of Napoleon High School
3.19 Toyota Hybrid Prius
3.19.1 Toyota iQ Microcar
3.19.2 Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle
3.20 Ford
3.21 Chrysler
3.21.1 Chrysler Town & Country EV
3.21.2 Chrysler Personal Mobility Revolution
3.21.3 Chrysler Dodge Circuit EV
3.21.4 Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV
3.22 Phoenix
3.23 Shelby Supercars
3.24 Aptera
4. ELECTRIC VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Phoenix Motorcars Altairnano Lithium Titanate Battery Technology
4.1.1 Altairnano Battery Comparison
4.1.2 Lead-Acid Battery Technology
4.1.3 Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH)
4.1.4 Lithium-Ion
4.2 Globalization Model For Electric Cars
4.2.1 Better Place Electric Vehicle Network
4.2.2 Better Place has partnered with AGL Energy in Australia
4.3 EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Charging Kit
4.3.1 Smart Fuel Cells SFC
4.3.2 Citycom AG’s CityEL
4.4 Vendor Lithium-ion Battery Strategy
4.4.1 Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Characteristics
4.5 Challenges in Battery Design
4.5.1 Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries Requirements
4.6 Vendor Lithium-Ion Battery Positioning
4.6.1 High-Quality, Volume Manufacturing Facilities
4.7 Applications Of Lithium-Ion Batteries
4.8 Mobile Phone Industry
4.8.1 Nanowires
4.8.2 Thin Film Battery Enabling Chemistries
4.8.3 The Cathodes
4.8.4 Solid State Devices Provide More Energy Density
4.9 Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries
4.9.1 Lithium-Ion Battery Shortcomings
4.9.2 Charging
4.9.3 Applications
4.9.4 Costs
4.10 Lithium Cell Chemistry Variants
4.10.1 Lithium-ion
4.10.2 Lithium-ion Polymer
4.10.3 Other Lithium Cathode Chemistry Variants
4.10.4 Lithium Cobalt LiCoO2
4.10.5 Lithium Manganese LiMn2O4
4.10.6 Lithium Nickel LiNiO2
4.10.7 Lithium (NCM) Nickel Cobal Manganese – Li(NiCoMn)O2
4.10.8 Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4
4.11 Operating Performance Of The Cell Can Be Tuned
4.12 Lithium Metal Polymer
4.12.1 Lithium Sulphur Li2S8
4.12.2 Alternative Anode Chemistry
4.13 ExxonMobil affiliate, Tonen Chemical Polyethylene-Based, Porous Film
4.14 Cymbet Alternate Manufacturing
4.15 Thin-Film Batteries Packaging
4.16 ITN Energy Systems Fibrous Substrates, PowerFiber
4.16.1 ITN Sensors
4.17 Cell Construction
4.18 Impact Of Nanotechnology
4.19 Thin Film Batteries
4.19.1 Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs
4.19.2 High Power And Energy Density
4.19.3 High Rate Capability
4.20 Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Performance
4.21 Polymer Film Substrate
4.22 Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte
5. ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY PROFILES
5.1 A123 Systems
5.1.1 A123 Systems Revenue
5.1.2 A123Systems Registration Statement for Initial Public Offering
5.1.3 A123 Systems Batteries Benefits
5.1.4 A123 Systems Competitive Advantage
5.1.5 A123 Systems Strategy
5.1.6 A123Systems and GE
5.1.7 A123 Acquisition of Hymotion
5.1.8 Procter & Gamble Duracell and A123 Systems Collaborate
5.1.9 Cobasys and A123 Systems
5.2 Aperta
5.3 Better Place Model
5.4 BMW
5.5 BYD
5.5.1 Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD Chinese Battery Manufacturer
5.6 E-One Moli Energy Group
5.7 Ener1
5.7.1 Ener1 Third Quarter 2008 Revenue
5.7.2 Ener1 Positioning Technology Originally Pioneered By Argonne National Lab
5.7.3 Ener1 Acquires Enertech Leading Korean Lithium-ion Battery Cell Producer
5.7.4 Ener1 / Enertech Specializes In Producing Large Format Flat (“Prismatic”) Cells
5.7.5 EnerDel Operations
5.8 Ford
5.8.1 Ford Electric Vehicle Positioning
5.8.2 Ford’s Comprehensive Sustainability Strategy
5.8.3 Ford Partnership With Southern California Edison Electric Utility
5.8.4 Ford Partnership with Johnson Controls-Saft for Thin Film Batteries
5.8.5 Ford Partnership with Utility Industry
5.8.6 Building A Business Case
5.8.7 Governments Of Japan, China, Korea, And India Significantly Funding EV Research
5.8.8 Ford Energy Future Vision
5.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru
5.9.1 Subaru of America
5.9.2 Subaru of America Revenue 2008
5.10 General Motors
5.10.1 General Motors Factory In Michigan To Build Battery Packs
5.10.2 GM 2008 Global Sales of 8.35 Million Vehicles
5.10.3 GM Continues Growth in Emerging Markets
5.10.4 GM’s North America Regional Performance
5.10.5 GM Europe
5.10.6 GM Strongly Believes In The Electrification Of The Automobile
5.11 Miles Electric Vehicles
5.11.1 Miles Zero Emissions, Full Electric Car
5.12 Johnson Controls-Saft
5.13 LG Petrochemical
5.13.1 LG Chem
5.14 Mitsubishi
5.14.1 Fleet Testing Of The Zero-Emissions iMiev Electric Vehicle
5.15 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries
5.15.1 NEC Lamilion Energy
5.16 Panasonic / Sanyo
5.17 Phoenix Motorcars
5.17.1 Phoenix Motorcars Customers: Maui Electric
5.17.2 Phoenix MC All-Electric, Light-Duty Trucks
5.18 REVA
5.18.1 REVA Car Features
5.18.2 REVA Globally Tested Product
5.19 Saft
5.19.1 Saft Battery Technologies
5.19.2 Saft Industrial Battery Group (IBG)
5.19.3 Saft Specialty Battery Group (SBG)
5.19.4 Saft Rechargeable Battery Systems (RBS)
5.19.5 Saft Research and Development
5.19.6 Johnson Controls-Saft United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC)
5.20 Samsung
5.21 Shelby SuperCars
5.21.1 Sheffield International Finance Corporation
5.21.2 SSC Monthly Newsletter
5.22 Tesla Motors
5.22.1 Tesla Battery Packs
5.22.2 Tesla Roadster
5.22.3 Tesla Restructuring
5.23 Think
5.23.1 Think Manufacturing Capacity
5.23.2 Think Employees Called Back From Lay-Off
5.23.3 Think Confirms Interim Financing – Private Equity Firm Ener1 Group Is The Lead Investor
5.23.4 Kleiner Perkins And Rockport Capital, Two Leading Us Cleantech Investors Launch Joint Venture With Norwegian Electrical Vehicle Company Think
5.23.5 TH!NK city Crash-Tested And Highway-Certified EV
5.23.6 Think Strategic Partnership With Energy Giant General Electric
5.23.7 Think collaboration with Porsche Consulting
5.24 Toyota
5.25 ZENN Motor Company
5.25.1 Zenn Motor Strategic Energy Storage Partner, Eestor
List of Tables and Figures
Figure ES-1
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Figure ES-2
REVA Electric Car
Table ES-3
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Table ES-3 (Continued)
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-4
Worldwide Electric Vehicles
On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009
Figure ES-5
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of
Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,
2009-2015
Figure ES-6
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table ES-7
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-7 (Continued)
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table ES-8
New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By
Electric Vehicles
Table 1-1
Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries
Figure 1-2
BMW’s Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable
Lithium-Ion Battery
Table 1-3
Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Figure 1-4
Typical Structure Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery
Table 1-5
Characteristics Of Battery Cells
Table 2-1
Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces
Table 2-2
Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries
Figure 2-3
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Table 2-4
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Table 2-4 (Continued)
Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces
Figure 2-5
Worldwide Electric Vehicles
On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009
Table 2-6
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Shipments Market Shares,
Units On the Road
2009 11
Figure 2-7
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red
Figure 2-8
REVA Electric Car
Figure 2-9
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of Automotive
and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,
2009-2015
Table 2-10
Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments
and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and
Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015
Figure 2-11
Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table 2-12
Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments
and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and
Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015
Table 2-13
Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments
and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts, Penetration Analysis,
2009-2015
Table 2-14
Worldwide Automotive and Light Truck Small
Size Electric Vehicle (EV) Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-15
Worldwide Small Electric Vehicle (EV) Market
Forecasts, Units, 2009-2015
Table 2-16
Worldwide Small Car and Small Light Truck Electric
Vehicle (EV) Automotive Market Retail Forecasts,
Units and Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-17
Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck
Electric Vehicle (EV) Retail Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-18
Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck
Electric Vehicle (EV) Shipments Retail Market Forecasts, Units,
2009-2015
Table 2-19
Worldwide Sedan Size Car and Light Truck Electric
Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments and Automotive Market
Retail Forecasts, Units and Dollars, 2009-201
Table 2-20
Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets
Table 2-21
New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By
Electric Vehicles
Table 2-22
Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces
Table 2-23
Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries
Figure 2-24
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Table 2-25
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-26
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-27
Worldwide Lithium-Ion and Advanced Lithium-ion
Battery Market Forecasts, Automotive, Power Tools,
Electric Grid, and PC Card, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-28
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-29
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008
Figure 2-30
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-31
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Units, 2009-2015
Figure 2-32
Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery
Shipments, Market Shares, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-33
Commercialization Challenges Of The Automotive,
Truck, and Bus Thin Film Battery Industry
Table 2-34
Integrated Thin Film Battery Personal Transport Power Systems
Figure 3-1
BMW’S Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable
Lithium-Ion Battery
Figure 3-2
BYD E6 Electric Car
Figure 3-3
BYD F3DM Front View
Figure 3-4
BYD F3DM Rear View
Figure 3-5
BYD F3 Moon Roof
Table 3-6
BYD Plug-in Hybrid Powertrain Flexibility
Figure 3-7
BYD E6 Electric Car
Figure 3-8
BYD F6
Figure 3-9
Tesla Motors Roadster
Figure 3-10
Tesla Motors Roadster Torque and Power Graph
Figure 3-11
Model S by Tesla Motors
Figure 3-12
Daimler AG Smart car
Figure 3-13
Daimler Smart Car
Figure 3-14
Daimler Electric Mercedes
Figure 3-15
Prince Albert of Monaco Driving TH!NK city
Figure 3-16
Driving TH!NK city
Figure 3-17
Think Driver Console
Figure 3-18
Think Open
Figure 3-19
Think OX
Figure 3-20
Think City Electric Vehicle
Table 3-21
TH!NK City Specifications
Table 3-22
Think City Standard Equipment:
Table 3-22 (Continued)
Think City Standard Equipment:
Table 3-23
TH!NK City Features
Figure 3-24
Think Lineup of Electric Cars
Figure 3-25
General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Front View
Figure 3-26
General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Angle View
Figure 3-27
General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Rear View
Figure 3-28
General Motors Chevrolet Volt
Figure 3-29
GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle
Figure 3-30
General Motors EV1 Electric Car
Figure 3-31
XS500 Electric Car by Miles
Figure 3-32
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – In Traffic
Figure 3-33
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Battery Packaging
Figure 3-34
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red
Figure 3-35
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Gray
Figure 3-36
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Interior
Figure 3-37
i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Features
Figure 3-38
Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car
Figure 3-39
Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car Interior Engine and
Drive Train Layout
Figure 3-40
Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car
Figure 3-41
Subaru R1e Electric Car Plug Station
Figure 3-42
Subaru G4e Electric Car
Figure 3-43
Hybrid Technologies Electric Supercar
Figure 3-44
Electric Mini by PML
Figure 3-45
Test Electric Car by Nissan
Figure 3-46
REVA Electric Car
Figure 3-47
Zenn Auto
Figure 3-48
Zenn Electric Auto Close-up
Figure 3-49
Zenn Auto Parked in Street
Figure 3-50
Zenn Electric Auto – Gray with Sun Roof
Figure 3-51
Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car
Figure 3-52
Commuter Cars Tango in Washington DC
Figure 3-53
Eliica Electric Car
Figure 3-54
Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car
Figure 3-55
Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion
Figure 3-56
Toyota Hybrid Prius
Figure 3-57
Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle
Figure 3-58
Toyota Electric Car
Table 3-59
Chrysler ENVI Electric Minivan Features
Figure 3-60
Interior of The Concept Car, The Chrysler 200C EV
Table 3-61
Chrysler Electric Vehicle Positioning
Table 3-62
Chrysler Electric Vehicle EV
Figure 3-63
Chrysler Electric Vehicles
Figure 3-64
Dodge Circuit EV
Table 3-65
Dodge Circuit EV Features
Figure 3-66
Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV
Figure 3-67
Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV Features
Figure 3-68
Phoenix Motorcars SUT Truck
Figure 3-69
Phoenix Motorcars SUV Vehicle
Figure 3-70
Shelby Supercars
Figure 3-71
Shelby Supercars – Doors Raised
Figure 3-72
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e
Figure 3-73
Aptera 2e Pre-Production Models
Figure 3-74
Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle
Figure 3-75
Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle – Rear View
Figure 4-1
Altairnano Battery Performance:
Figure 4-2
EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Kit For Electric Vehicles
Figure 4-3
Electrica City Car – Red
Figure 4-4
Electrica City Car – Yellow
Figure 4-5
Electrica City Car – Open
Figure 4-6
Electrica City Car – Dashboard
Figure 4-7
Smart Fuel Cells (SFC) Supply The StartLab Open With Power
Table 4-8
Challenges in Lithium-ion Battery Design
Table 4-9
Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Source: ITN.
Table 4-10
Thin Film Battery Unique Properties
Table 4-11
Comparison of battery performances
Table 4-12
Comparison Of Battery Performances
Table 4-13
Thin Films For Advanced Batteries
Table 4-14
Thin Film Batteries Technology
Table 4-15
Thin Film Battery / Lithium Air Batteries Applications
Figure 4-16
Polymer Film Substrate Thin Flexible Battery Profiles
Figure 4-17
Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargable Batteries
Table 5-1
A123 Systems Batteries Benefits
Table 5-2
A123 Systems C
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Market Shares, Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009-2015
April 29, 2010 by AboutNanoWires.com · Leave a Comment
Micro fuel cells provide a hybrid storage technology that supports long term reliable portable electronics power. Renewable energy is base source for charging batteries, but micro fuel cell alternative charging is needed to provide power continuity. Batteries are a chemical process, but current devices do not last long enough. Fuel cells are one of several evolving technologies that promise to provide more reliable, longer portable power.
Micro fuel cell component costs continue to be an issue. Micro fuel cells are expected to be an expensive alternative to thin film batteries, providing hybrid technology that is needed for power continuity, but not basic power sources in most cases throughout the forecast period.
Economies of scale do not entirely solve the inherent high costs of high grade metallic catalysts used in micro fuel cells. More catalyst price reductions are needed to make micro fuel cells competitive with thin film batteries. Micro fuel cells are useful in many particular situations.
The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) portable power market for notebook computers, mobile phones, and other portable electronic devices is expected to grow significantly. Leading electronics manufacturers and innovative start]up companies are introducing products. Micro fuel cells are anticipated to work in combination with thin film batteries, creating hybrid power systems. Hybrid markets are expected to achieve market growth as the batteries are less expensive than the micro fuel cells. The micro fuel cells are useful for charging thin film batteries.
Micro fuel cell markets are at $75 million at the end of 2008. By 2015, micro fuel cell markets reach $5.59 billion. Another related segment, portable fuel cells used in bicycles and similar large portable devices represent a similar market opportunity. The micro fuel cells represent power for devices that include a range of PC, handset, PDA, and digital device segments in a variety of industry, military, and health care segments.
Table of Contents :
MICRO FUEL CELL EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Micro Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Micro Fuel Cell Market Shares
Micro Fuel Cell Market Forecasts
1. MICRO FUEL CELL MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
1.1 Fuel Cell Description
1.1.1 Fuel Cell Efficiency
1.1.2 Fuel Cell Electrochemical Converter — Clean Energy
1.1.3 DMFC Fuel Cells
1.1.4 Micro Fuel Cell Hours Of Operation And Power Degradation
1.1.5 Cathode Catalysts
1.1.6 Micro Fuel Cell Description
1.2 United States Has Approved The Use Of Some Micro Fuel Cells In Airplanes
1.2.1 Market Opportunity for Micro Fuel Cell Products
1.3 Micro Fuel Cell Target Markets
1.3.1 Military As A Micro Fuel Cell Target Market
1.3.2 Micro Fuel Cell Portable Medical Equipment
1.3.3 Micro Fuel Cell Laptop Computer Market
1.3.4 Micro Fuel Cell Consumer Electronics Portable Power Source
1.3.5 Micro Fuel Cell Laptop Computer Power Source
1.3.6 Mobile Life Fuel Cell Power
1.3.7 Persistent Computing Requires Extended Power
1.3.8 First Responders
1.3.9 Instant Recharge for Continuous Computing
1.3.10 RV Recreational Micro Fuel Cell Markets
1.4 Fuel Cell Fuel Distribution and Infrastructure
1.5 Approvals From The United Nations And Related Regulatory Organizations
1.5.1 Fuel Cells Compared to Rechargeable Batteries
2. MICRO FUEL CELL MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
2.1 Micro Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
2.1.1 Driving Forces of Micro Fuel Cell Products
2.2 Micro Fuel Cell Market Shares
2.2.1 Toshiba Direct Methanol Micro Fuel Cell
2.2.2 Toshiba Standards Leader
2.2.3 Toshiba Fuel Cell Reference Model
2.2.4 Mechanical Technology Inc (MTI) MTI Fourth Quarter And Year End Results
2.2.5 Smart Fuel Cell Products and Markets
2.2.6 PolyFuel DMFC Membrane
2.2.7 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes
2.2.8 Poly Fuel Prototype Notebook Computer Fuel Cell Power Supply
2.2.9 Medis
2.2.10 Medis Targets End Users
2.2.11 Medis 24/7 Power Pack
2.3 Micro Fuel Cell Market Forecasts
2.3.1 Hybrid Technologies
2.3.2 Sample Quotes on Market Size:
2.4 Mobile Handset Subscribers
2.4.1 Enterprise Wireless Handset Markets
2.5 Micro Fuel Cell Prices
2.5.1 Smart Fuel Cell EFOY
2.5.2 Fuel Cell Cartridges Approved For Commercial Aircraft
2.5.3 Fuel Cell Technology Decreases The Weight Soldiers Carry
2.6 Regional Energy Demand
2.6.1 United Kingdom Leader in Carbon Offset Initiatives
2.6.2 Germany
2.6.3 Japan
2.6.4 Military Uses Of Micro Fuel Cells
3. MICRO FUEL CELL PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Micro Fuel Cells Power Digital Devices
3.2 Toshiba
3.2.1 Toshiba DMFC-Powered Audio Players
3.2.2 Toshiba Micro Fuel Cell
3.2.3 Toshiba Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
3.2.4 Toshiba Methanol Concentration
3.3 Samsung
3.4 Poly Fuel
3.4.1 PolyFuel Cartridges Approved For Commercial Aircraft By Regulatory Agencies
3.4.2 PolyFuel Functional Prototype Of A Notebook PC Fuel Cell Power Supply
3.4.3 PolyFuel Engineered Polymer Nano Fuel Cell Architectures
3.5 Smart Fuel Cell
3.5.1 Smart Fuel Cell Products and Markets
3.5.2 Smart Fuel Cell Remote Traffic Systems
3.5.3 Smart Fuel Cell Projects
3.5.4 Smart Fuel Cell EFOY Cartridges
3.6 UltraCell C XX25
3.6.1 UltraCell’s XX25 Communication
3.6.2 UltraCell XX25™ Fuel Cell Powering A Field Repeater
3.6.3 UltraCell XX25™ Fuel Cell Powering A Field Repeater
3.6.4 UltraCell Light-Weight And Portable Power Sources For Military
3.6.5 UltraCell U.S. Military Validation:
3.6.6 UltraCell Altitude Test
3.6.7 UltraCell Foreign Military Programs:
3.6.8 UltraCell Partnership With Tatung System Technologies
3.6.9 UltraCell is partnered with ABSL
3.6.10 UltraCell is partnered with TSTI
3.6.11 UltraCell Products
3.6.12 UltraCell XX25 MiTAC, General Dynamics and Panasonic Homeland Security
3.7 Manhattan Scientifics Micro Fuel Cell
3.7.1 Manhattan Scientifics MicroFuel Cell™
3.8 Medis Technologies
3.8.1 More Energy Subsidiary Of Medis Technologies
3.8.2 Medis Technologies Department of Defense in Wearable Power
3.8.3 Medis Fuel Cell Provides 20 Watt Hours Of Total Energy
3.8.4 Medis Portable Fuel Cell Market
3.8.5 Medis 24/7 Power Pack
3.8.6 Medis / General Dynamics C4 Systems Promote 24/7 Power Pack For Military Use
3.8.7 Medis / General Dynamics Competitive Advantages
3.8.8 Medis Target End Users
3.8.9 Medis 24-7 Power Pack Benefits
3.9 Mechanical Technology Incorporated (MTI)
3.9.1 MTI Micro Fuel Cell Life Test
3.9.2 MTI Micro / Neosolar Co-Develop Mobion® Digital Devices For Consumers
3.9.3 MTI Micro Cord-Free Rechargeable Power Pack
3.9.4 MTI Micro Mobion® Chip
3.9.5 MTI Mobion® Advantage
3.9.6 MTI Pocket Fuel Cells
3.10 Tekion
3.10.1 Tekion Power Source
3.10.2 Tekion Fuel Cell On A Chip
3.10.3 Tekion Formira
3.10.4 Tekion / BASF Formic Acid
3.11 NEC Fuel-Cell Handsets
3.11.1 NEC
3.11.2 NEC Fuel Cell Carbon Nanotubes Toshiba / CRDC Compact Fuel Cell For Notebook PCs
3.12 Sony Hybrid Fuel Cell System
3.13 Angstrom Power
3.13.1 Angstrom Micro Hydrogen™ Systems for Portable Power
3.13.2 Micro Hydrogen™ for Device Integration
3.13.3 Angstrom Power Better Than Batteries™ Performance
3.13.4 Angstrom Benefits Of Micro Hydrogen™ Systems
3.13.5 Angstrom Micro Hydrogen Products
3.14 Neah Power Systems
3.14.1 Neah Power Systems Military
3.14.2 Neah Power Systems Mobile Life
3.14.3 Neah Power Systems First Responders
3.14.4 Neah Power Systems Logistics
3.14.5 Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
3.14.6 Neah Power Systems Water Vapor Captured In Cartridge
3.14.7 Neah Power Military Positioning
3.15 BIC
3.16 Masterflex
3.17 Microcell Corporation
3.17.1 Microcell Products
3.18 3-118
3.19 Casio Laptop Fuel Cell
3.20 Smart Fuel Cell (SFC) Fuel Cell Systems
3.20.1 Smart Fuel Cell (SFC) Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
3.20.2 Smart Fuel Cell (SFC) Applications
3.20.3 Smart Fuel Cell (SFC) Electric Device Power
3.20.4 SFC DMFC
4. MICRO FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Significant Progress In Development of Compact Micro Fuel Cell
4.2 Medis Micro Fuel Cell Underwriters’ Laboratories (UL) listing
4.3 Comparison of PEM Based Silicon Bed DMFC
4.4 Nanowire Battery Can Hold 10 Times The Charge Of Existing Lithium-Ion Battery
4.4.1 Silicon In A Battery Swells As It Absorbs Lithium Atoms
4.4.2 Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
4.4.3 Neah Water Vapor Captured in Cartridge
4.4.4 Neah Silicon Pragmatic and Scalable
4.5 PEM Fuel Cells
4.6 Solvay
4.7 SGL Technologies
4.7.1 Sigracet® Fuel Cell Components
4.8 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes For Fuel Cells
4.8.1 Fluorocarbon Membranes Based Upon The Teflon® Polymer
4.8.2 Polyfuel Hydrogen Membrane
4.9 Fuel Cell Electrochemical Reaction
4.10 Organizations With Fuel Cell Information
4.10.1 SFC Energetic Revolution powered by Smart Fuel Cell
4.11 Clean And Silent Micro Fuel Cell Power Generation By Methanol
4.12 Storing Hydrogen
4.12.1 Sodium Borohydride Storing of Hydrogen
4.12.2 Borohydride Hydrogen Generation
4.12.3 International Electrotechnical Commission Forms Working Group
4.13 PolymerElectrolyte Membrane
4.14 Sodium Borohydride Chemical Power
4.15 Bacterial Enzymes Replacement For The Platinum Catalysts
4.16 Portable Applications
4.16.1 Fuel Cell Power Packs
4.16.2 PolyFuel Honeycomb Membrane
4.16.3 Portable Electronic Fuel Cell Devices
4.16.4 Marketing Limitation Of Hydrogen Gas Or Methanol Powered Fuel Cells
4.16.5 Hitachi Compact DMFC
4.16.6 NEC Compact DMFC
4.16.7 Toshiba’s DMFC
4.16.8 Toshiba Fuel Cell
5. Micro Fuel Cell Company Profiles
5.1 Altair Nanomaterials
5.1.1 Altair Nanotechnologies Partners
5.1.2 Altair Nanotechnology Power and Energy Systems
5.1.3 Altair Nanotechnology Performance Materials Division
5.1.4 Altair Nanotechnology Life Sciences
5.1.5 Altair Nanotechnology Net Losses In Each Fiscal Year
5.1.6 AlSher Titania Joint Venture With Sherwin-Williams
5.1.7 Altair Nanotechnology BAE Systems
5.1.8 Altair Nanotechnologies Faster Recharging And Discharging
5.1.9 Altair Nanotechnologies Longer Battery Life
5.1.10 Altairnano
5.2 Angstrom Power
5.2.1 Angstrom Power Micro Fuel Cell Technology
5.3 Asahi Glass
5.3.1 Asahi Glass Financials
5.3.2 Asahi Glass Business Strategy
5.3.3 Asahi Glass Owners
5.4 Ballard
5.4.1 Ballard Fuel Cell Features & Benefits
5.4.2 Ballard Fuel Cell Japanese Residential Cogeneration Program
5.4.3 Ballard Product : Mark1030™
5.4.4 Ballard Improved Reliability
5.4.5 Ballard Bus Fuel Cell
5.4.6 Ballard Power Systems’ Second Quarter 2008 Revenue
5.5 BASF
5.5.1 BASF / E-TEK
5.5.2 BASF ETEK LT Series 12D MEA for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.
5.6 Ceramic Fuel Cells
5.6.1 Ceramic Fuel Cells Volume Order Secured With Partner Nuon
5.6.2 Ceramic Fuel Cells Customers and Products
5.6.3 Ceramic Fuel Cells Regional Presence
5.7 Fuel Cell Components & Integrators
5.8 Gore
5.9 GrafTech International
5.10 Heliocentris Fuel Cells AG
5.11 Horizon
5.11.1 Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies Pte Ltd
5.11.2 Horizon Fuel Cell Bicycles
5.11.3 Horizon Fuel Cell Integrated To An Electric Bicycle
5.11.4 Horizon Light Duty Automotive
5.11.5 Horizon Supplying Multi-kW Fuel Cells
5.12 ICM Plastics
5.13 JMC / Tekion
5.13.1 Tekion Formira Hybrid Configuration
5.14 Johnson Matthey
5.15 Manhattan Scientifics
5.15.1 Manhattan Scientifics MicroFuel Cell
5.16 Masterflex AG
5.17 Medis Technologies
5.17.1 Medis Technologies Revenue
5.17.2 Medis Technologies Strategic Partners
5.17.3 Medis Technologies / Cell Kinetics
5.17.4 Medis / Founder Technology Group
5.17.5 Medis / Aspect and Tenzor MA
5.17.6 Medis / Israel Aerospace Industries
5.17.7 Medis Strategy
5.17.8 Medis General Dynamics C4 Systems
5.17.9 Medis Platform Technology Broadens Its Possibilities
5.18 Microcell
5.19 Millennium Cell Liquidation Plan
5.19.1 Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies and Millennium Cell
5.19.2 Millennium Cell HydroPak™ Positioned As An Emergency Power Product
5.20 Mechanical Technology Incorporated (MTI)
5.20.1 MTI MicroFuel Cells
5.20.2 MTI Fourth Quarter And Year End Results
5.20.3 MTI Micro Commercialization In 2009 – Projected Design Freeze In December 2008
5.20.4 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Fourth Quarter Revenues
5.21 Neah
5.22 PolyFuel
5.22.1 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes
5.22.2 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes
5.22.3 PolyFuel Business, Products and Markets
5.22.4 PolyFuel Ultra-Thin 20-Micron Version Of Its DMFC Membrane
5.22.5 PolyFuel Agreement With Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Limited,
5.22.2 PolyFuel Comprehensive Loss
5.22.7 PolyFuel Cash Used in Operations
5.22.8 PolyFuel Concentrates Resources On Reference System Design Program
5.23 Sanyo / Hoku Scientific
5.23.1 Hoku Scientific Customers
5.23.2 Suntech Purchases Shares of Hoku Scientific
5.23.3 Hoku Fuel Cells
5.24 SGL Technologies
5.24.1 SGL Technologies Financials
5.25 Smart Fuel Cells (SFC)
5.25.1 Smart Fuel Cells Automotive
5.25.2 Smart Fuel Cells Stationary
5.25.3 Smart Fuel Cells Positioning
5.25.4 SFC Sells 10,000th EFOY Fuel Cell
5.25.5 SFC EFOY Service Station In France.
5.25.6 SFC Financials
5.25.7 SFC Smart Fuel Cell Market and Technology Leader in Mobile Fuel Cells
5.25.8 SFC Fuel Cells In Use All Over The World
5.25.9 Electric Automotive Vehicle Smart Fuel Cell Battery Charger
5.26 Solvay
5.26.2 Solvay Financials
5.27 Tatung System Technologies
5.28 Toshiba
5.28.1 Toshiba America (TAI)
5.28.2 Toshiba Financials
5.28.3 Toshiba Mid Term Business Plan
5.28.2 Toshiba Financials
5.28.5 Toshiba Business Strategy
5.28.6 Toshiba Nuclear Energy Business
5.28.2 Toshiba Investors
5.28.2 Toshiba Partners
5.29 UltraCell
5.29.1 BASF Venture Capital / UltraCell
5.29.2 UltraCell Advanced Reformed Methanol Micro Fuel Cell
List of Tables and Figures
Table ES-1
Micro Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-2
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Market Shares,
First Three Quarters 2008
Figure ES-3
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Market Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Table 1-1
Fuel Cell Efficiency
Figure 1-2
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Table 1-3
Portable Power Market Strategy
Table 1-4
Micro Fuel Cell Product Benefits
Table 1-4 (Continued)
Micro Fuel Cell Product Benefits
Table 1-5
Military Micro Fuel Cell Target Markets
Table 1-6
Micro Fuel Cells Military Positioning
Table 1-7
Micro Fuel Cell Portable Medical Equipment
Demand Parameters
Table 1-8
Micro Fuel Cell Consumer Electronics Portable
Power Source Target Market
Table 2-1
Micro Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Table 2-2
Micro Fuel Cell Advantages
Table 2-3
Market Aspects For Micro Fuel Cells
Table 2-4
Micro Fuel Cell Technology Issues
Table 2-5
Micro Fuel Cell Market Issues
Table 2-5 (Continued)
Micro Fuel Cell Market Issues
Figure 2-6
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Market Shares,
First Three Quarters 2008
Table 2-7
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Market Shares,
First Three Quarters 2008
Table 2-8
Toshiba Handheld Fuel-Cell Technology Specifications
Figure 2-9
PolyFuel Competitive Positioning
Figure 2-10
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Market Forecasts, Dollars,
2009-2015
Figure 2-11
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Device
Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-12
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Devices
Market Forecasts, Units,
2009-2015
Figure 2-13
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Cartridge
Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-14
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Cartridge
Market Forecasts, Units, 2009-2015
Table 2-15
Worldwide Micro Fuel Cell Cartridge
Market Forecasts, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015
Table 2-16
Factors Driving Mobile Handsets To Require
Increasing Amounts Of Power Consumption
Figure 3-1
Toshiba Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology
Figure 3-2
Toshiba DMFC-Powered Audio Players
Figure 3-3
Samsung Hydrogen Gas Block Diagram
Figure 3-4
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Patent From Samsung
Figure 3-5
Samsung Multi Layered Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Table 3-6
Smart EFOY Fuel Cell Ratings
Table 3-7
Smart EFOY Fuel Cell Features
Figure 3-8
Technical Data Of Smart Fuel Cell EFOY
Figure 3-9
Smart Fuel Cell EFOY Cartridges
Figure 3-10
UltraCell XX25™ Fuel Cell Powering A Field Repeater
Table 3-11
UltraCell’s XX25 communication functions
Figure 3-12
UltraCell System Integrated With A Multi-Unit
Battery Charger (MUC)
Figure 3-13
UltraCell Multi-Unit Battery Charger System Runtime
Table 3-14
Collaboration Off Grid Power Solution
Table 3-15
UltraCell XX25™ Fuel Cell Powering A Field Repeater
Figure 3-16
MicroCell Sand Test
Figure 3-17
UltraCell Military Applications
Table 3-18
UltraCell XX25 Applications
Figure 3-19
UltraCEll Mobile Portable Fuel Cell
Table 3-20
Manhattan Scientifics Metallicum NanoTitanium
Figure 3-21
Manhattan Scientifics MicroFuel Cell
Table 3-22
Manhattan Scientifics MicroFuel Cell™ Advantages Of Technology
Table 3-23
Medis / General Dynamics Power Pack For Military Use
Table 3-24
Medis Micro Fuel Cell Competitive Advantages
Table 3-24 (Continued)
Medis Micro Fuel Cell Competitive Advantages
Table 3-25
Medis 24/7 Power Pack Device Charging
Table 3-26
Medis 24-7 Power Pack Benefits
Table 3-27
MTI Micro Mobion® Portable Power Applications
Table 3-28
MTI Micro External Mobion® Power Sources
Figure 3-29
NeoSolar Seoul, Korea — Dr. James Y. Yu Holding
A Mobion® Chip And A Wibrain Ultra Mobile PC
Figure 3-30
MTI Micro’s Mobion® Chips
Table 3-31
MTI Micro Performance
Table 3-32
MTI Mobion® Advantages
Figure 3-33
CEO of MTI Micro Fuel Cell Technology
Table 3-34
Tekion Technology Competitive Advantage
Table 3-35
Tekion Technology Positioning
Figure 3-36
Tekion Fuel Cell
Figure 3-37
Tekion Power And Energy Characteristics Of
Formira™ Fuel Versus Methanol
Figure 3-38
NEC Micro Fuel Cell
Figure 3-39
NEC Fuel-Cells Flask Phone
Figure 3-40
NEC Fuel Cells and Catalysts
Figure 3-41
Sony Micro Fuel Cell System
Figure 3-42
Angstrom’s Micro Hydrogen™ Systems
Table 3-43
Angstrom Thin Film Fuel Cell Features
Table 3-43 (Continued)
Angstrom Thin Film Fuel Cell Features
Table 3-44
Selected Angstrom Micro Fuel Cell Lights
Table 3-45
Selected Angstrom Micro Fuel Cell Initiatives
Table 3-45 (Continued)
Selected Angstrom Micro Fuel Cell Initiatives
Table 3-46
Angstrom Micro Hydrogen Products
Figure 3-47
Angstrom’s Micro Hydrogen™ Systems Components
Table 3-48
Angstrom’s Micro Hydrogen™ Systems Components
Figure 3-49
Neah Power Systems Military Packs
Figure 3-50
Neah Power Systems Mobile PC Uses
Figure 3-51
Neah Power Systems First Responder Uses
Figure 3-52
Neah Power Systems Logistics Uses
Figure 3-53
Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
Figure 3-54
Neah Power Systems Comparative Size Silicon vs. Polymer
Figure 3-55
Neah Power Systems Honeycomb and Catalyst
Figure 3-56
Neah Power Fuel Cell Prototype Components
Figure 3-57
Neah Power Military Fuel Cells
Figure 3-58
Neah Power Systems
Figure 3-59
Neah Power Systems Basic Chemical Flows in
Silicon Based Porous Electrode
Figure 3-60
Neah Power Systems Manufacturing Infrastructure
Figure 3-61
Neah Power Systems Power Density
Table 3-62
Masterflex Development Focus
Table 3-63
Masterflex Development Positioning
Figure 3-64
Smart Fuel Cell
Figure 4-1
Comparison of PEM Based Silicon Bed DMFC
Figure 4-2
Neah Military Fuel Cell Reduces Weight
Figure 4-3
Neah Fuel and Electrolyte
Figure 4-4
Nanowire Battery Images
Figure 4-5
Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
Figure 4-6
UltraCell PEM Fuel Cell Functioning
Figure 4-7
Sigracet® Fuel Cell Components
Figure 4-8
PolyFuel System Technology Peak Power Density
Table 4-9
Catalyst Layer, Membrane, and MEA Suppliers
Figure 4-10
PolyFuel System Architecture
Figure 4-11
PolyFuel System Development
Table 4-12
Major Developers of Micro Fuel Cells
Table 4-13
Micro Fuel Cell Key Portable Units
Figure 4-14
Key Auto Fuel Cell Engine Requirements Map Directly
To The Membrane
Table 4-15
Organizations with Fuel Cell Information
Table 4-16
SFC Fuel Cell Advantages
Figure 5-1
Altair Nanotechnologies Specific Energy and Specific Power
Table 5-2
Ballard Product Data Residential Cogeneration
Fuel Cell Power Module Description
Table 5-2 (Continued)
Ballard Product Data Residential Cogeneration
Fuel Cell Power Module Description
Figure 5-3
BASF Typical Performance of Hydrogen Air Single Cell Test
Figure 5-4
BASF ETEK Typical Performance of
Methanol Air Single Cell Test
Table 5-5
Horizon Strategic Positioning
Table 5-6
Horizon Fuel Cell Integrated Commercial Applications
Figure 5-7
Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells
Figure 5-8
Johnson Matthey Photon Exchange Membrane
Figure 5-9
Masterflex AG Hydrogen Based 50-Watt Fuel Cell
Figure 5-10
Masterflex AG Hydrogen Fuel Cell Core Business 2008
Table 5-11
Masterflex Focus
Figure 5-12
Neah Roadmap
Table 5-13
PolyFuel Collaboration Progress
Table 5-14
PolyFuel Portable Progress
Figure 5-15
PolyFuel Competitive Positioning
Table 5-16
PolyFuel Progress Toward Commercialization
Of Portable Fuel Cells
Table 5-16 (Continued)
PolyFuel Progress Toward Commercialization
Of Portable Fuel Cells
Figure 5-17
Smart Fuel Cell Automotive Battery Charger
Table 5-18
BASF Future Business Growth Clusters
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